* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cell division is part of the cell cycle
Survey
Document related concepts
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Endomembrane system wikipedia , lookup
Tissue engineering wikipedia , lookup
Programmed cell death wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
List of types of proteins wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
“Cell division is part of the cell cycle” Section 3.2 & 3.3 Smart Notebook Do Now • Label the following diagram • 1- chromosome • 2- chromatid • 3- centromere Do Now • Through a light microscope, what parts of the cell would you look at to determine what stage of mitosis the cell is in? Objectives • Describe the main events of the cell cycle • Differentiate interphase from mitosis • Construct a cell cycle model from paper plates. Cell Cycle • “normal sequence of development and division of a cell” • Two main phases: Interphase & M-phase (Mitosis) Interphase • There is no division in interphase, just growth. G1: organelles duplicate, cell grows S: DNA replicates (is copied) G2: cell grows, prepares to divide M-phase (Mitosis) • Mitosis= “nuclear division” • PMAT+ C • • • • • Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cyokinesis Mitosis • Creates 2 genetically IDENTICAL daughter cells. Prophase • DNA condenses to form chromosomes. • Each chromosome has 2 chromatids and a centromere • The nuclear membrane disappears Metaphase – “Middle” • Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell at the “equator” Anaphase – “away” • Chromatids split • Spindles pull to opposite sides of the cell AWAY from each other Telophase • 2 nuclei form • Nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes. • The chromosomes become chromatin again. Cytokinesis • Division of the cytoplasm. • Occurs differently in plant and animal cells. • 2 new daughter cells! Cytokinesis • Animal Cells: • Membrane pinches together and forms a cleavage furrow until the cells separate. Cytokinesis • Plant Cells: • Cell plate forms which becomes the cell wall and divides the two cells. Section 3.3 “Both sexual and asexual reproduction involve cell division” • Eukaryotic cells divide by mitosis and cytokinesis. • Ex: skin cells apart of skin tissue (aren’t independent) • Most unicellular organisms use cell division to reproduce through asexual reproduction. • Asexual Reproduction: one organisms produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself and that live independently of it Binary Fission • A form of asexual reproduction occurring in prokaryotes. • The parent organism splits in two, creating two independent daughter cells. • Genetically all the same! Budding - Organism develops tiny buds on its body. • Genetic material the same! • Can bud anywhere OR specialized cells in certain parts of the body. • Detaches when it reaches a certain size • Both unicellular and multicellular can reproduce by budding. Hydra Regeneration The process of new tissue growth at sites with wounds or lost limbs. Bacteria Many bacteria have a very short generation time. Some can have a new generation of cells in less than 30 min.