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DNA Structure Pages 196-199 Structure of DNA DNA is made of repeating units of nucleotides A nucleotide has three parts: Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate group Base DNA Bases Purines (two ringed) Adenine and Guanine Pyrimidines (one ringed) Thymine and Cytosine Base Pairing Rules Adenine pairs with Thymine Guanine pairs with Cytosine Chargaff ’s Rule: The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine. DNA Bonds Hydrogen bonds hold bases together Covalent bonds hold backbone together The backbone is made of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose sugars The Double Helix Double Helix: Phrase used to describe shape of DNA Double stranded, coiled like a spiral staircase