Download Cell!Transport!Concept!Map! - AHS

Name _______________________________________ !
Date _______________ Cell!Transport!Concept!Map!
!
Using!the!terms!and!phrases!provided!below,!complete!the!concept!map!showing!
the!characteristics!of!cell!transport.!
Ion!channels!
Passive!transport!
ATP!
SodiumCpotassium!pump!
Active!transport!
Concentration!gradients!
Endocytosis!
Facilitated!diffusion!
Cell#
Transport#
includes!
1.#____________#
5.#____________#
which!includes!
requires!
which!is!caused!by!
Osmosis#
3.#___________#
which!includes!
8.#______#
Diffusion#
4.#___________#
and!
6.#___________#
7.#
____________#
2.#___________#
exocytosis#
Vocabulary Matching Match definitions below to the correct vocabulary term. a. passive transport b. turgid c. concentration gradient d. equilibrium e. diffusion f. osmosis g. isotonic solution h. ion channel i. plasmolysis j. transport protein k. facilitated diffusion l. active transport m. sodium-­‐potassium pump n. endocytosis o. exocytosis p. hypertonic solution q. hypotonic solution ________ 1. Movement of a substance down the substance’s concentration gradient. ________ 2. Carrier protein used in active transport. ________ 3. Protein used to transport specific substances. ________ 4. Movement of a substance by vesicle to the outside of a cell. ________ 5. Movement of a substance by vesicle to the inside of a cell. ________ 6. Does not require energy from the cell. ________ 7. Natural state of plant cells in which the central vacuole contents exert pressure against the cell wall. ________ 8. Concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space. ________ 9. Difference in the concentration of a substance across a space. ________ 10. Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. ________ 11. When a plant cell loses water, causing the cell membrane to shrink away from the cell wall. ________ 12 Passive transport using carrier proteins. ________ 13. Produces no change in cell volume because of osmosis. ________ 14. Movement of a substance against the substance’s concentration gradient. ________ 15. Membrane that allows only certain molecules to pass through. ________ 16. In _______, the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than the concentration of solutes outside the cell. ________ 17. The concentration of solutes in a _______ is lower outside the cell than inside the cell. Multiple Choice 1. Which of these describes the primary function of cell membranes? a. They allow certain molecules to enter and exit the cell. b. They allow all molecules to enter and exit the cell. c. They do not allow molecules to enter or exit the cell. d. They allow all molecules to enter the cell, but not exit. 2. The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called a. Dynamic equilibrium c. Nonrandom movement b. Concentration gradient d. Diffusion 2 3. Diffusion occurs because of a. Nonrandom movement of particles b. Random movement of particles c. A chemical reaction between particles d. Chemical energy 4. When a few drops of colored corn syrup are added to a beaker of pure corn syrup, the color will a. Move from low concentration to high concentration b. Form a polar bond c. Remain on the bottom of the beaker d. Start to diffuse 5. Diffusion can be accelerated by a. Decreasing the pressure b. Increasing the temperature c. Decreasing the movement of particles d. increasing the dynamic equilibrium 6. When materials pass into and out of a cell at equal rates, there is no net change in concentration inside the cell. The cell is in a state of a. Dynamic equilibrium c. Metabolism b. Imbalance d. Inertia 7. The difference in concentration of a substance across space is called a. Dynamic equilibrium c. Diffusion b. Concentration gradient d. Brownian motion 8. The U-­‐shaped tube in the figure below is divided by a membrane that is impermeable to starch but permeable to water. Which of the following will occur? a. Water will move from the right to the left. b. Water will move from the left to the right. c. Starch will move from the right to the left. d. Starch will move from the left to the right. e. Nothing will happen. The membrane blocks f. the passage of all the molecules. 9. Wallway is a new general herbicide for aquatic plants. Its main ingredient is a marine salt solution. It is effective against freshwater but not saltwater plants. It works by breaking down the cell walls of the plants. The freshwater plants dies because their cells a. swell and burst. b. shrink and cease to function. c. remain the same size but malfunction. d. are crushed by the weight of the plant. 3 10. Two beakers (below) are connected by a tube partitioned by a membrane permeable to water but not to protein. Which one of the following statements best describes what will happened to this system? a. Water will only move from A to B. b. Water will only move from B to A. c. Water will move equally in both directions so that there will be no net change in the system. d. Water will move in both directions, but the net flow will be from A to B. e. Water will move in both directions, but the net flow will be from B to A. 11. What will happen to an onion cell in a hypotonic solution? a. Plasmolysis b. Cell ruptures c. Increased turgidity 12. A red blood cells has a salt concentration of 0.9%. What will happen if it is placed into a 0.8% salt solution? The red blood cell will a. shrink if its membrane is permeable to both the salt and the water. b. shrink if its membrane is impermeable to the salt and permeable to the water. c. maintain its shape, ie nothing will happen. d. swell and probably burst because its membrane is impermeable to salt and permeable to water. e. swell and probably burst because its membrane is impermeable to water and permeable to salt. Fill In the Blanks Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage: Glucose Plasma membrane Homeostasis Organism Balance Selective permeability Living cells maintain a _________________________ by controlling material that enter and leave. Without this ability, the cell cannot maintain _____________________________ and will die. The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water, ___________________________, and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products. Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the ___________________, which allows only certain particles to pass through and keeps other particles out. This property of a membrane is known as ___________________. It allows different cells to carry on different activities within the same _____________________. 4 Short Answer 1.
Compare (tell how they are similar) and contrast (state how they are different) the terms diffusion and osmosis. For questions 2-­‐4: A cell that is 98% water is placed into the following environments. Draw a diagram to represent each scenario. Answer each question and indicate whether each solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic. 2.
A solution of 100% water: _____________________________ a. What is the direction of water movement? b. Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in solution? 3. A solution of 10% sucrose: ____________________________ a. How much water is in the outside environment? b. What is the direction of water movement? c. Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in size? 4.
A solution of 2% sucrose: _____________________________ a. How much water is in the outside environment? b. What is the direction of water movement? c. Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in size? 5. Examine the beakers in the diagram below. Beaker A Beaker B Beaker C 100 %
W
ater 90 %
W
ater _____% Water _____% Sugar 40% Sugar a.
What is the solute concentration of Beaker A? b.
What is the solvent concentration of Beaker C? c.
What would the solvent concentration be for a solution that is isotonic to Beaker B? 5 Below is a diagram of a cell submerged in a solution. This membrane is NOT a.
What is the solution in this example – hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic? permeable to sugar b.
How do you know? 30% Sugar c.
What process is going to take place in this _____% example? (diffusion or osmosis) d.
Describe exactly what is going to happen to 70% the cell in this example. Sugar _____% 6. The cell in this beaker is bathed in a 5% NaCl solution. The membrane is permeable to water but not to NaCl. a. In which direction is the net movement of water here? 0.9% NaCl b. How will this affect the cell? 5% NaCl 7. Three funnels containing three different starch solutions were placed for 24 hours into a beaker that contained a starch solution of UNKNOWN concentration. The end of each funnel was covered by a selectively permeable membrane. Tap 2% Starch 4% Starch Water Solution Solution Selectively Permeable Membrane UNKNOWN Solution START
6 AFTER 24 HOURS a. What can you say about the concentration of the solution in the beaker based on the results shown in the diagram? 8. A U-­‐tube is divided into 2 halves, A and B, by a membrane that is freely permeable to water and salt, but NOT to glucose. Side A is filled with a solution of 8% salt and 2% glucose, while side B is filled with 2% salt and 8% glucose. a. In terms of glucose concentration, which side is a hypotonic solution? 8% Salt 2% Salt 2% G
lucose 8% G
lucose b. What could you say about the water concentration on side A relative to side B? Side A Side B c. Which molecule(s) will move across the membrane and in which net direction(s)? d. Notice that the levels of liquid in both A and B are equal. Do you think they will appear this way when the system reaches equilibrium? Explain. 9. In the U-­‐tube diagram below, the membrane is permeable to solute A; however, it is NOT permeable to solute Z. a. What is going to happen to solute A (both direction and percentages)? Side 1 Side 2 b. What is going to happen to solute Z (both 20% A 6% A direction and percentages)? 10% Z 40% Z c. What is going to happen to the water levels, specifically? 90% W ater 90% W ater 10. Study the diagrams of the beakers to the right, 10% S
tarch 10% Starch noting the concentrations of various substances 2 in the beakers and in the cellulose bags. Water 1 molecules can pass through the cellulose, but starch cannot pass through. a. Draw arrows in the diagrams to show the direction in which water will move. b. Which of the beakers contains a solution that is hypertonic relative to the bag’s contents? 100% W ater c. What will eventually happen to the 80% W ater 20% Starch concentrations in beaker 2? 7 11. Intravenous solutions must be prepared so that they are isotonic to red blood cells. A 0.9% salt solution is isotonic to red blood cells. a. Explain what will happen to a red blood cell placed in a solution of 99.3% water and 0.7% salt. b. What will happen to a red blood cell placed in a solution of 90% water and 10% salt? 12. The direction in which water molecules move during osmosis depends on where the water molecules are more highly concentrated. Study the diagrams below. a. Decide whether the solution in each beaker is hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic in relation to the solution inside the cellulose bag, then write your answer below each beaker. b. Draw arrows to indicate the direction in which the water will move in each case. 90% W ater 10% Starch 80% Water 20% Glucose 80% W ater 20% Glucose 100% W ater 90% Water 10% Starch 90% W ater 10% Starch 14. Use your understanding of osmosis to explain the following observations: a. You feel very thirsty after eating a large popcorn at the movies. b. The grocery store keeps vegetables fresh and crunchy by spraying them with water. c. A few minutes after sprinkling cut strawberries with sugar, the strawberries are covered with sweet juice. 8 15. Matching ________ Causes plasmolysis ________ Causes lysis ________ Makes cell turgid ________ Cell becomes hriveled ________ Ideal solution for animal cells ________ Ideal solution for plant cells ________ Cell becomes flaccid 9 A. Hypertonic Solution B. Isotonic Solution C. Hypotonic Solution