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Download Unit 04 Enzymes and respiration Review
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Enzymes & Cellular respiration Test review Vocabulary: Protein Denature Anaerobic Carbon dioxide ethanol Water Obligate anaerobe Enzyme Lactase fermentation ATP glucose Aerobic facultative aerobe Substrate lactose Glycolysis ADP Pyruvate Kreb’s cycle obligate aerobe Catalyst lactose-intolerance Lactic acid biochemical pathway cellular respiration E.T.C. mitochondria Study questions: 1. How are proteins denatured? What does denaturing a protein do to it? 2. “Beano” contains an enzyme that breaks down the polysaccharides in legumes and some other vegetables. How would this product be most effective: by adding it to the cooking water or by sprinkling it on the food right before eating it? Explain. 3. In the lactase lab, what were the substrate, the enzyme, and the product? 4. Enzymes are a type of _______________________. The characteristics of enzymes are that they can __________________________________, are a ______________________ fit to their substrate referred to as the __________________________ complex, they can be altered by ___________ or _____________, and are needed in __________________ amounts. 5. What is the difference between a digestive enzyme and a synthesizing enzyme? 6. What type of macromolecules determine what metabolic processes an organism can do? Explain why some bacteria would be facultative anaerobes while others are obligate anaerobes. 7. Why is “C6H12O6 + O2---> H2O + CO2 + energy” NOT a particularly good way to represent aerobic respiration? (hint: does glucose turn directly into water?) 8. What is the distinct advantage of aerobic respiration over anaerobic? What is a secondary benefit of aerobic respiration? (hint: what does it “detoxify”?) 9. Why do human muscles feel sore after a strenuous workout? Why can’t humans survive very long without oxygen, even though our cells can still use anaerobic pathways? 10. Summarize in order the parts of aerobic respiration ( Krebs cycle, glycolysis, ETC). Tell what is produced in each part. 11. When do we notice plants using respiration pathways? Is this the only time they respire? 12. How could we tell that plants were using respiration? 13. Name an organism that does not need oxygen to survive.