Download Unit 04 Enzymes and respiration Review

Enzymes & Cellular respiration Test review
Vocabulary:
Protein
Denature
Anaerobic
Carbon dioxide
ethanol
Water
Obligate anaerobe
Enzyme
Lactase
fermentation
ATP
glucose
Aerobic
facultative aerobe
Substrate
lactose
Glycolysis
ADP
Pyruvate
Kreb’s cycle
obligate aerobe
Catalyst
lactose-intolerance
Lactic acid
biochemical pathway
cellular respiration
E.T.C.
mitochondria
Study questions:
1. How are proteins denatured? What does denaturing a protein do to it?
2. “Beano” contains an enzyme that breaks down the polysaccharides in legumes and some other
vegetables. How would this product be most effective: by adding it to the cooking water or by sprinkling
it on the food right before eating it? Explain.
3. In the lactase lab, what were the substrate, the enzyme, and the product?
4. Enzymes are a type of _______________________. The characteristics of enzymes are that they
can __________________________________, are a ______________________ fit to their substrate referred to as the __________________________ complex, they can be altered by ___________ or
_____________, and are needed in __________________ amounts.
5. What is the difference between a digestive enzyme and a synthesizing enzyme?
6. What type of macromolecules determine what metabolic processes an organism can do? Explain
why some bacteria would be facultative anaerobes while others are obligate anaerobes.
7. Why is “C6H12O6 + O2---> H2O + CO2 + energy” NOT a particularly good way to represent
aerobic respiration? (hint: does glucose turn directly into water?)
8. What is the distinct advantage of aerobic respiration over anaerobic? What is a secondary benefit of
aerobic respiration? (hint: what does it “detoxify”?)
9. Why do human muscles feel sore after a strenuous workout? Why can’t humans survive very long
without oxygen, even though our cells can still use anaerobic pathways?
10. Summarize in order the parts of aerobic respiration ( Krebs cycle, glycolysis, ETC). Tell what is
produced in each part.
11. When do we notice plants using respiration pathways? Is this the only time they respire?
12. How could we tell that plants were using respiration?
13. Name an organism that does not need oxygen to survive.