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Enzyme MCAS Practice Name: 1. Date: There are many di erent enzymes located in the cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a speci c enzyme able to catalyze a speci c reaction? A. Di erent enzymes are synthesized in speci c areas of the cytoplasm. B. Most enzymes can catalyze many di erent reactions. C. An enzyme binds to a speci c substrate (reactant) for the reaction catalyzed. 5. 6. Some snake venoms are harmful because they contain enzymes that destroy blood cells or tissues. The damage caused by such a snakebite could best be slowed by 4. size of a given amino acid can vary. B. chemical composition of a given amino acid can vary. C. sequence and number of amino acids is di erent. Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. Proteases catalyze the breakdown of the proteins in these foods, making digestion easier for infants. Proteases are which of the following types of molecules? A. applying ice to the bite area. B. drinking large amounts of water. A. enzymes B. C. inducing vomiting. C. hormones D. monosaccharides D. increasing blood ow to the area. 3. A. D. same amino acid can have many di erent properties. D. Enzymes are transported to speci c substrates (reactants) by ribosomes. 2. Although there are a limited number of amino acids, many di erent types of proteins exist because the 7. Maltose can be broken down into glucose molecules by the enzyme maltase. Which of the following would slow the reaction rate? A. adding maltase B. adding maltose C. removing glucose D. diluting with water fatty acids The clear protein of an egg white becomes opaque and rm when cooked because the heat A. mutates the DNA. B. turns the protein into carbohydrates. C. stops protein formation. D. changes the protein structure. The role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction is to change which of the following? 8. Proteins are large macromolecules composed of thousands of subunits. The structure of the protein depends on the sequence of A. the type of reaction B. the activation energy of the reaction A. lipids. B. C. the pH at which the reaction occurs C. amino acids. D. nucleosides. D. the temperature at which the reaction occurs page 1 monosaccharides. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. What types of monomers form proteins? A. Glucose B. C. Amino acids D. Polyatomic ions 14. Nucleotides In red blood cells, the compound carbonic anhydrase increases the rate at which carbon dioxide is converted to bicarbonate ions for transport in the blood. In red blood cells, carbonic anhydrase acts as which of the following? A. an enzyme B. C. a lipid D. a sugar 15. Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule? carbohydrate B. C. nucleic acid D. protein 16. Some bacteria contain a substance called nitrogenase. Nitrogenase catalyzes the chemical reaction that converts atmospheric nitrogen (N2 ) into ammonia (NH3 ). Nitrogenase is an example of which of the following? a sugar B. C. a nucleotide D. an amino acid an enzyme Which of the following categories of organic molecules is correctly paired with one of its functions? A. nucleic acids—digest dead cells B. lipids—give quick energy to cells C. carbohydrates—store genetic information Carbohydrates are broken down in cells for energy. B. Carbohydrates combine to form many di erent proteins. C. Carbohydrates act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions. Acetylcholine is an important chemical signal in the nervous system. Once acetylcholine is released, it is quickly broken down into other chemicals because of the activity of cholinesterase. Cholinesterase is which of the following? lipid A. A. D. Carbohydrates are the building blocks for cell growth and repair. a hormone A. Which of the following is the main reason that humans need to include carbohydrates in their diet? A. a hormone B. a lipid C. an enzyme D. an organelle Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for many cellular reactions? A. Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions. B. Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions. C. The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing. D. The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing. 17. D. proteins—provide structure in skin, hair, and nails page 2 In the human body, brinogen is necessary for sealing cuts and stopping the loss of blood. Since brinogen is made of chains of amino acids, it is an example of which type of organic molecule? A. carbohydrate B. protein C. fatty acid D. nucleic acid Enzyme MCAS Practice 18. Which of the following statements describes a DNA molecule? 23. The graph below shows how the activity of an enzyme changes over a range of pH values. Enzyme Activity A. It contains the base uracil. B. It has a double helix shape. C. It contains nucleotide. ve phosphate groups per D. It has a backbone of twenty di erent nucleotides. 19. The diagram below shows a pair of DNA nucleotides. The nitrogenous base guanine (G) is labeled. Which nitrogenous base pairs with guanine? 20. 21. 22. A. adenine (A) B. C. thymine (T) D. uracil (U) Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data? cytosine (C) The enzyme lactase will break down the sugar lactose into which of the following components? A. Monosaccharides B. C. Amino acids D. Phospholipids 24. RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound? carbohydrate B. C. nucleic acid D. protein lipid ATP B. DNA C. B. The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8. C. The enzyme's activity is greater around pH 8.0 than around pH 5.0. Proteins that regulate chemical reactions in the body but remain unchanged by the reaction are known as— A. lymphocytes. B. cytoplasm. C. mitochondria. D. enzymes. 25. Which substance provides the instructions for producing proteins? A. The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6. D. The enzyme's activity continually increases as pH increases from 5.0 to 9.0. Nucleic acids A. A. H2 O In the diagram above, the substance labeled X is most likely— page 3 A. an enzyme. B. water. C. ATP. D. oxygen. Enzyme MCAS Practice Problem-Attic format version 4.4.274 c 2011–2016 EducAide Software _ Licensed for use by Bethany Gately Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com Enzyme MCAS Practice 10/10/2016 1. Answer: C 21. Answer: C 2. Answer: A 22. Answer: B 3. Answer: D 23. Answer: A 4. Answer: B 24. Answer: D 5. Answer: C 25. Answer: A 6. Answer: A 7. Answer: D 8. Answer: C 9. Answer: C 10. Answer: A 11. Answer: B 12. Answer: B 13. Answer: D 14. Answer: A 15. Answer: C 16. Answer: D 17. Answer: B 18. Answer: B 19. Answer: B 20. Answer: A