Download Exam I Review - Iowa State University

Exam I Review
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Leader:
Course:
Instructor:
Date:
Safwan Elkhatib
BIO 212 (6)
Coffman
02/03/2014
Eliminate as many answers as you can on each question. For questions where you are
unsure about an answer, think of a concrete explanation why the answer you chose is the
best.
After observing many types of organisms, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden stated that all known
organisms are composed of cells.This statement and process can be best described as…
a. Hypothesis-Based Science
*b. Discovery-Based Science
Changing the number of neutrons forms ions of the same element.
a. True
*b. False
Changing the number of protons forms ions of the same element.
a. True
*b. False
Changing the number of electrons forms ions of the same element.
*a. True
b. False
Rank the following structures by their size from SMALLEST TO LARGEST: condensed chromosome 13,
nucleus,carbon atom, insulin, nucleotide.
a. carbon atom, insulin, nucleotide, condensed chromosome 13,
nucleus
b. insulin, carbon atom, nucleus, condensed chromosome 13,
nucleotide
c. condensed chromosome 13, carbon atom, nucleotide, nucleus,
insulin
*d. carbon atom, nucleotide, insulin, condensed chromosome 13,
nucleus
e. carbon atom, nucleotide, condensed chromosome 13, insulin,
nucleus
The molecular formula C10H14O7N5P is for a biomolecule that can be described as a
a. Carbohydrate
*b. Nucleic Acid
c. Fatty Acid
d. Amino Acid
The molecular formula C18H32O2 is for a biomolecule that can be described as a
a. Carbohydrate
b. Nucleic Acid
*c. Fatty Acid
d. Amino Acid
Table salt (NaCl) is an example of what type of bonding
a. Hydrogen bonding
*b. Ionic bonding
c. Covalent bonding
d. Hydrophobic interactions
1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center v 515-294-6624 v [email protected] v http://www.si.iastate.edu
In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to an oxygen atom by
a. hydrogen bonds.
b. nonpolar covalent bonds.
*c. polar covalent bonds.
Atoms form covalent bonds with each other by:
a. transferring electrons from one atom to the other.
*b. sharing electrons.
c. sharing protons.
d. attraction of positive and negative charges.
e. sharing neutrons.
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement?
a. Carbon bonds are stable at the different temperatures
associated with life
b. Organic compounds may contain functional groups
c. Organic molecules may occur in various shapes. The structure
of molecules determine their functions
*d. Organic chemistry is the science of studying Hydrogencontaining
molecules, which are found in living organisms
Which is true of the base pairing seen between two DNA strands?
a. Cytosine bonds with adenine.
b. Guanine bonds with thymine.
c. Cytosine bonds with thymine.
*d. Thymine bonds with adenine.
e. Adenine bonds with guanine.
Which of the following is true when comparing solutions with a pH of 4 and a pH of 8?
a. The solution with a pH of 8 has a 4 times higher concentration
of hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 4.
b. The solution with a pH of 8 has 10,000 times higher
concentration of hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 4.
c. The solution with a pH of 8 has a 4 times lower concentration
of hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 4.
*d. The solution with a pH of 8 has 10,000 times lower
concentration of hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 4.
e. The hydrogen ion concentration does not appreciably differ
between a solution with a pH of 8 versus that with a pH of 4.
Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize?
a. ionic bonds
b. nonpolar covalent bonds
c. polar covalent bonds
*d. hydrogen bonds
Which of the following can cross the membrane unfacilitated?
a. Na+
b. ATP
*c. O2
d. Methionine (an amino acid)
A function of mitochondria in plant cells is
*a. to catabolize organic molecules converting that energy into
ATP.
b. to capture photons and convert that energy into organic
molecules.
c. help traffic proteins to the plasma membrane.
d. nothing. Plants don’t have mitochondria.
A function of the nucleus in a prokaryotic bacterium is
a. to house the genetic material for the cell.
b. to serve as the site of translation (protein synthesis).
c. to serve as the site of transcription (the making of RNA from
DNA).
*d. nothing. There is no nucleus in a bacterium.
e. both A and C are correct.
Which of the following descriptions of a biological membrane is most accurate?
a. A three layer structure made of lipids, proteins, and water
with water and protein in the middle and lipids on the outside.
b. Primarily a protein structure in which lipids function to
regulate the passage of other molecules.
*c. A fluid structure in which proteins “float” in a semi-liquid
phospholipid bilayer
d. A rigid structure in which phospholipids and proteins are
covalently bonded together.
e. A rigid structure surrounding the cell usually made of
polysaccharides
What type of transport protein can move 2 or more different molecules in opposite directions?
a. Uniporter
*b. Antiporter
c. Symporter
d. Multiporter
e. Diporter
How is the sodium-potassium pump able to move ions against their concentration gradients?
a. Exocytosis
b. Facilitated diffusion
*c. Expending ATP
d. Ion channels
e. Bulk transport
In the formation of salt, the chlorine atom –
*a. Gains an electron from sodium
b. Becomes a positive ion
c. Has one more proton than electron
d. A and B are correct
e. A, B and C are correct
In water at a neutral, [H+] [OH-] = 10-7 M x 10-7 M = 10-14 M. At a pH of 6, what is the [OH-]?
a. 10-2 M
b. 10-4 M
*c. 10-8 M
d. 10-10 M
e. 10-12 M
What characteristic(s) is/are likely to make a molecule soluble in water?
a. Small size
b. Nonpolar functional groups
c. Long hydrocarbon tails
*d. An ability to form hydrogen bonds
e. Choices A and C are both correct
73. Which of the following is FALSE ?
a. Enzyme catalysis is dependent on the pH and temperature of the
reaction environment.
b. Enzyme catalysis is dependent on the three-dimensional
structure or conformation of the enzyme.
*c. Enzymes provide activation energy for the reaction they
catalyze.
d. Enzyme activity can be inhibited by a molecule that binds to
the enzyme far from the active site.
96. Which statement or statements describe the role of the Golgi apparatus? It …
a. modifies carbohydrates bound to proteins.
b. processes proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum.
c. produces vesicles, some of which may fuse with the cell
membrane.
d. produces lysosomes.
*e. All the above are correct.
140. In exergonic reactions, like the oxidation of glucose,
a. the end products have more total energy than the starting
reactants.
*b. there is a net release of free energy.
c. a net input of energy from the surroundings must occur.
d. the reaction cannot proceed without enzymes that lower the
activation energy.
145. ATP is produced by _______ , ________ reactions and is used to drive ________, ________ reactions. What
words filled in these four
spaces (in order) result in a true statement?
a. endergonic, catabolic exergonic, anabolic
b. exergonic, anabolic endergonic, catabolic,
*c. exergonic, catabolic endergonic, anabolic
d. endergonic, anabolic exergonic, catabolic
157. Most of the ATP made during cellular respiration is produced by
a. glycolysis.
*b. oxidative phosphorylation.
c. substrate level phosphorylations.
d. direct synthesis of ATP by the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
161. Which of the following statements about NAD+ is FALSE?
a. NAD+ is reduced to NADH during both glycolysis and the citric
acid cycle.
*b. NAD+ has more chemical potential energy than NADH.
c. NAD+ can receive electrons for use in electron transport and
oxidative phosphorylation.
d. In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis cannot proceed.
162. The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by
*a. transfer of phosphate from a phosphorylated carbon molecule
to ADP, called substrate-level phosphorylation.
b. electron transport.
c. chemiosmosis.
d. oxidation of NADH to NAD+.
166. During glycolysis, when glucose is catabolized to pyruvate, most of the energy of glucose is
a. transferred to ADP, forming ATP.
b. transferred directly to ATP.
*c. retained in the pyruvate.
d. stored in the NADH produced.
169. Which of the following intermediary metabolites enters the citric
acid cycle and is formed, in part, by the removal of a carbon (CO2)
from one molecule of pyruvate?
a. glucose-6-phosphate
b. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
c. oxaloacetate
*d. acetyl CoA
171. All of the following are products of the citric acid cycle EXCEPT
a. ATP.
b. NADH.
c. FADH2.
d. carbon dioxide.
*e. water
174. Which of the following statements about the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis is TRUE?
a. electron transport from NADH to O2 pumps H+ from the
intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix.
b. The high concentration of H+ in the mitochondrial matrix pulls
water into the matrix through the ATP synthase channel by
osmosis, and the energy in this water flow is used to power ATP
synthesis.
*c. H+ movement down a concentration gradient from the
intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP
synthase results in ATP synthesis
d. All these statements describe parts of the chemiosmotic
mechanism.
176. The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?
a. glycolysis
*b. accepting electrons (and H+) at the end of the electron
transport chain, forming water
c. the citric acid cycle
d. the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
e. the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP
180. Anaerobic fermentation adds reactions to glycolysis in which
________ is ________.
a. NAD+; oxidized to NADH
*b. NADH; oxidized to NAD+
c. pyruvate; converted to acetylCoA
d. ethanol; oxidized
181. Each of the following can be converted to an intermediate of glycolysis and produce some ATP without
entering the citric acid cycle
EXCEPT
*a. fatty acids
b. some amino acids
c. glucose and sucrose
d. glycerol
e. starch and glycogen
187. As ATP levels in the cytoplasm of a cell increase, the rate of glycolysis is likely to
a. go up, because more ATP is available for the energy investment
phase of glycolysis.
*b. go down, because elevated ATP results in feedback inhibition
of phosphoglucokinase.
c. remain unchanged, because the rate of glycolysis is controlled
by the availability of oxygen.
d. slow, because NAD+ is used up.