Download Dehydration synthesis

All living things are made
of molecules that contain
Carbon.
We call these molecules
A. organic
B. inorganic
Living molecules are put together by a
process called
Dehydration synthesis
Dehydration means “to dry out”
Synthesis means “to put together”
In other words it means putting
together and having a little
water left over.
The term carbohydrate literally means
Carbon + water
What do living
things use
carbohydrates for?
Energy and structure of its body
Plants store
carbohydrates in their
seeds and roots.
Name some roots and
seeds that you eat that are
high in complex
carbohydrates
Animals store carbohydrates in the
form of
Glucose in their cells for
immediate energy
Glycogen in their livers, a stored
form of energy
Let’s build our first model
m
Lipids are
molecules made
from a glycerol
molecule with 3
fatty acids
attached.
They do not
dissolve in
water because
of their
construction
Lipids
We will build the model
first and then talk about
lipids function in living
things
Remember it is put
together using
Dehydration synthesis
Lipids are fats, oil and waxes
How does a plant
use lipids for
protection?
The top of a plant’s leaves are covered with a waxy
substance that protects it from the weather and
keeps water from evaporating from the leaf.
Does your body use
a lipid for
protection?
Yes, your body makes oil to protect
it from drying out and to protect
your skin from the elements.
Can you think of other ways living things use
oils, fats and waxes for protection? Look at
the picture below. How does a duck use
lipids for protection?
How are lipids used
for energy storage?
Humans and other organisms store fat
on their bodies. When the body has
used up its available carbohydrates it
calls on its fat storage.
If you eat less you will lose
weight?
Stored fat is also an
insulation.
We have fat
under our skin
to insulate us
from the cold.
Fat cells
Proteins in our bodies are
made from amino acids.
There are 20 different amino acids
that our bodies use to assemble all
the different proteins we use.
You eat proteins in the form of meat,
cheese, eggs, nuts and beans.
You have learned that cells are
protein factories.
How do living things use proteins?
Cells use proteins for structure and to control
its functions
Cells are made of proteins. Ex: muscles cells
Hair and skin are made of proteins.
Hormones and enzymes that control your body
are made of proteins.
Nucleic acids
Are the molecules that are the cell
controllers.
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids.
DNA makes up the chromosomes of
the cell.
RNA is a nucleic acid that is very important
in the process of making proteins.
Nucleic Acids are made up of
Phosphate
Sugar
Nitrogenous base
We inherit our
DNA from
both our
parents
To make our models we will
have to match the bases
T matches to A
G matches to C
I will show you how it works.