Download Mainstreaming Water In Climate Change Adaptation

UNECA
ClimDev-Africa
Mainstreaming Water In Climate
Change Adaptation
Workshop of the Lead Coordinators of the African Group of
Negotiators on Climate Change
Addis Ababa, August 13-17, 2012
Climate
Change
Meets
Policy
Seleshi Bekele Awulachew (Ph.D)
Senior Water and Climate Specialist
ACPC-UNECA
Outline
UNECA
This presentation covers:
• The Nairobi Work Programme
• Water under NWP and UNFCCC Process
• Progresses
• ACPC Related Works
• Key Messages and Issues for AGN
The Nairobi work programme - Objective
UNECA
Assist all Parties, in particular developing countries, including the least
developed countries and small island developing states to:
a.
Improve their understanding and assessment of impacts, vulnerability
and adaptation to climate change;
b.
Make informed decisions on practical adaptation actions and
measures to respond to climate change on a sound scientific,
technical and socio-economic basis, taking into account current and
future climate change and variability.
Overview of the Nairobi work programme
UNECA
Water in the UNFCCC process
UNECA
Article 4, para 1(e) commits Parties to
Develop and elaborate appropriate and
integrated plans for coastal zone
management, water resources and
National Adaptation Programmes of
agriculture, and for the protection and
Action (NAPAs)
rehabilitation of areas, particularly in
provides a process for LDCs to identify
Africa, affected by drought and
and prioritize actions to respond to their
desertification, as well as floods”
urgent and immediate needs with
regard to adaptation to climate change.
National Communications which all
Parties report on the steps they have
undertaken to implement the
Convention provide information on
vulnerability and assessment, climate
change impacts and adaptation
measures, including those relating to
water
(74 priority projects relate to water of
485 projects as at 2011)
Water in the Nairobi work programme
UNECA
SBSTA 34 agreed to discuss the impacts
of climate change on water resources and
integrated water resources management
under the NWP
Technical paper on water and climate
change impacts and adaptation strategies
(made available for Durban negotiations)
Durban mandate to organize, in collaboration with NWP Partner organizations
and relevant organizations, a technical workshop on water and climate change
impacts and adaptation strategies before SBSTA 37 (COP 18) and to include
indigenous and traditional knowledge and practices for adaptation and
gender-sensitive tools and approaches as cross-cutting issues.
NWP timeline
UNECA
COP 16,
review of
second
phase
commence
s before
COP 17
COP 16
SBSTA 33
End 2010
Review is
completed
with
mandates
for interim
activities
before
COP 17
SBSTA 34
Mid 2011
COP 17
decision on
the ext. of the
NWP with
new
mandates
COP 17
SBSTA 35
End 2011
SBSTA 36
Mid 2012
Technical
workshop on
water (July,
Mexico City),
workshop
report
Submission
deadline on
potential new
work areas
SBSTA 38 reconsideration of
the NWP work
areas, to support
the CAF.
COP 18
SBSTA 37
End 2012
Compilation
of case
studies on
national
adaptation
planning
processes
SBSTA 38
Mid 2013
Technical
workshop on
ecosystemsbased
approaches,
workshop
report
produced
(2013)
COP 19 to
consider
recommen
dations
from SBSTA
38
COP 19
SBSTA 38
End 2013
Water Under NWP UNFCCC Progresses
UNECA
Knowledge sources
•
•
•
•
NWP partner organizations have pledged actions contributing to the enhancement of
understanding and assessment of vulnerability and adaptation practices in the water sector.
Existing knowledge products-such as adaptation planning practices interface and local
coping strategies provide information on adaptation planning and practices on vulnerable
sectors, including water
Climate Change and Freshwater Resources: A Synthesis of Adaptation Actions Undertaken
by Nairobi Work Programme Partner Organizations, 2011 in collaboration with GWP
UNFCCC Compendium on methods and tools to evaluate impacts of, and vulnerability and
adaptation to, climate change, including on water resources.
Round Table
Stockholm RT Objectives
•
•
•
•
•
To open discussion on priority themes linking water, climate change impacts and
adaptation
To identify areas for focussed discussion for technical workshop based on gaps and
needs
Identify potential outputs and outcomes for the technical workshop
To identify challenges in the exchange of information and knowledge between
stakeholder groups
Discuss need and opportunities for linkages, collaboration and knowledge sharing
Outcomes
• to feed into planning for the technical workshop
• Of all the existing gaps and needs for action, the highest priority actions
Objectives of the Technical Workshop
UNECA
18-20 July 2012
a) assist all Parties, in particular developing countries, including the
lDC and SIDS to improve and develop shared understanding of:
– impacts and vulnerability of freshwater resources and water related
sectors to climate change;
– practical adaptation planning and practices that reduces
vulnerability of fresh water resources and water-related sectors;
– data, information and research needs, and opportunities, including
on knowledge sharing and management and collaboration among
stakeholders at all levels for integrated water resource
management and building resilience of water resources to climate
change
b) provide a potential direction for future work on water, climate
change and adaptation in the context of the Nairobi work
programme
Main Conclusion of the Technical Workshop
UNECA
Broad
agreement on a thematic focus on water through which the NWP of work
can/will provide recommendations on water related adaptation
actions/initiatives/measures with the aim of:-
•
•
•
•
•
financing adaptation
provide information and capacity building on adaptation within UNFCCC
address cross-cutting issues and engagements
bridging knowledge gaps
facilitate dialogue/information between decision makers, scientist and
practitioners
• engage in dialogue and consensus building around water and CC
• be a helpdesk/central contact for water related adaptation knowledge and
practices
Visit:
http://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/workshops_and_meetings/item
s/6955.php
UNECA
ClimDev Africa
Programme DeliveryPartnership, Roles and Responsibilities
The Climate Change and Desertification Unit (CCDU):
Advocacy i.e. Political leadership & coordination of
Africa’s common position on climate change
The African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC): Policy i.e.
Programmatic activities to develop climate policy capacity
through knowledge generation, advocacy and advisory
services
The ClimDev Special Fund (CDSF) : Financing demandled investments on the ground for generation and use of
climate information
11
The ClimDev Africa Programme
UNECA
Construct solid foundation in Africa for the response to
climate change based on:
Building solid science and observational infrastructure;
Enabling strong working partnerships between government
institutions, private sector, civil society and vulnerable
communities; and,
Creation and strengthening of knowledge frameworks to
support and integrate the actions required.
ClimDev Africa, 2012-2014
UNECA
Summary of the ClimDev Africa Result Areas Include:
• Widely available climate information, packaging and dissemination
– With a focus on climate science, data, information and services. This
includes extensive engagement with the meteorological and hydrological
communities
• Quality analysis for decision support and management practice
– With a focus on climate resilient and low carbon, development the
economics of such development, and sectoral issues
• e.g. in the areas of water, land, agriculture, energy, and infrastructure
– This includes extensive engagement with policy, practice and research
communities
• Informed decision-making, awareness and advocacy
– Including the CCDA Conferences, an presence at COPs, and outreach at all
levels to the policy, practice and research communities
• ClimDev Africa Programme functioning
– Secretariat, CDSC Meetings, establishment of the CDSF(at the AfDB) and
the CCDU (at the AUC)
UNECA
ACPC working program 2012-2014
Result Area 1 Outputs
Widely available climate information, packaging and dissemination
1. Rescue of historical meteorological and hydrological data
2. Data management of climate and hydrological data
3. Upgrade telecom, observation and data collection systems
for upper air and surface networks
4. Quality monitoring of greenhouse gases, air quality, inland
lakes, African oceans, coastal environments and glaciers
5. Hydrological observations and data management
6. Detect and attribute carbon sources and sinks
7. Early warning and seasonal forecasting
8. Long term climate projections and scenarios
9. Climate information packaging for all climate sensitive
sectors and end users
UNECA
Programmatic activities- programme & stakeholders
engagement
Climate and Development
Policy Community
Practice Community
Research Community
•Knowledge generation and sharing
•Advocacy and consensus building
•Technical coop’n and capacity dev.
•Frameworks, strategies, plans
•Case studies and examples
•Research and partnerships
ClimDev-Africa
Climate finance and economics
Climate resilient development
Low carbon development
Climate science, data and information
ACPC Stakeholders –CC & Water focus
UNECA
Global
Continental
Regional
National
Local
Policy
UNFCCC, Other
UN (UN-Water,
UNISDR,
UNESCO, UNEP,
….), ….
AUC,
CAHOSC, AGN,
M Councils,
UNECA, AfDB,
Pan African Par.
RLBO, RECS,
Ministries
(Environment,
Water, ….),
Universities
Communities,
Households
Practice
UN Initiatives,
World Bank, ….
NEPAD &
CAADP, PIDA,
WSA, NGOs, …
RECs,
Commissions,
TB projects
Met & hyd dep,
water,
agriculture,
energy, ….
Communities,
individuals, …
Research/
knowledg
e sharing
IPCC, UNESCOIHP, CGIAR (IWMI,
CCAFS, ….), ARI
(Global climate
centers,
Research), IntraACP GCCA, …
WB 7 River
Basins,
CORDEX,
Network of
Universities,
ACMAD,
AMESD/MESA
…
Climate centers
(ICPAC,
AGRHYMET,
…) , RLB
Initiatives,
CILLS, …
Universities,
Research
Centers,
NGOs,…
Communities,
experts,
scientists, ….
Important
• Mapping partners (primary/secondary)
• Engagement directly or through partners
• Defining impact pathway and roles through ACPC activities
Water & Climate Works Eg of KSM & Stakeholders
UNECA
• Africa Wide Expert Consultation
• Key Knowledge Products – Working papers, policy briefs, book
chapters, IPCC reviews, etc
• Project Examples
– Climate Data and Information System in 8 countries to be out
scaled to 54 countries
– ACP-World Bank Infrastructure and Climate Change in 7
River Basins of Africa
– West Africa TB Aquifer Management
– ……..
• Knowledge Sharing, Dissemination and Advocacy Examples
– CCDA-I and II
– CoP17
– National- sub-regional – continental mechanisms
– Intra-ACP GCCA
ACPC Work Example: Major Programme Areas in 8 countries
UNECA
•
Climate data and information for development
–
–
–
–
•
Assessment of existing data and information system
Meteorological data rescue, upgrade network, modernize the system
Hydrological data rescue, upgrade network, modernize the system
Setting up MRV and related capacity
Climate change adaptation climate resilience
–
–
–
•
Analytical tool and methods for extreme events
Climate change effects on key sectors: agriculture, water, energy, …
Climate change adaptation, technology needs assessment and
finance
Climate change mitigation and low carbon development
–
–
•
Climate change mitigation and technology needs assessment
Exploration of opportunities: technical, policy, financial for LCD
Capacity building & technical support
–
Knowledge support in implementation of Rwandan
•
•
–
climate change R&D and strategy
MIDIMA Strategy
Support in curricula development, ToT,
dissemination/communication, graduate programmes
UNECA
ACPC Example: Costs and benefits of adaptation
projects in 5 selected river basins
ACPC Work Examples
UNECA
Addressing the climate vulnerability of Africa’s infrastructure
Objectives
1.
Quantify the impacts of climate change
on performance of infrastructure in the
water (irrigation, water supply, hydropower), power pool, and transport sectors
in Sub-Saharan Africa;
2.
Identify, demonstrate and cost, robust
adaptation approaches for planning,
evaluating and designing specific
infrastructure investments in the face of
climate uncertainty;
3.
Formulate actionable recommendations
for policy makers (at the regional, subregional and national levels) on how to
enhance the climate resilience of
infrastructure development, and mobilize
the required resources
Project area
Three sectors
1. Water infrastructure (hydropower,
irrigation, municipal/industrial water
supply)
2. Power pools (with hydropower
input)
3. Roads
Conceptual framework
UNECA
Steps
to be followed
•
•
•
•
For each sector (hydropower,
irrigation, power pools, roads,
water supply), the OBJECTIVE
VARIABLES that Policy makers
are interested in achieving will
be specified in the base line (no
climate change) and under
climate change;
Next DECISION VARIABLES will
be specified which can be used
to achieve the target of the
objective variables.
Finally the DEVIATIONS from
baseline targets of the objective
variables caused by climate
change (assuming no
adaptation) will be evaluated
For adaptation decision variables
that minimize the average or
maximum regrets will be
selected
Example for irrigation sector
Sector
Objective
variable
A. Baseline
(no climate
change)
B. Climate change
Decision
variables
B.1 No adaptation B.2 Adaptation
Estimate of
climate change
impacts
Irrigation Achieve yield
consistent
with country
plans.
Complete
any gaps in
the national
plan using
optimal
irrigation
scheme at a
threshold
rate of
return
-Scheduling of
Deviation in
projects included domestic crop
in master plan
yield from no
climate change
-Design of
baseline, and
individual
value of lost (or
schemes
gained) yield
Decision variables
(regional/national
level)
Decision
variables
(higher
resolution
case
studies)
-Irrigation
efficiency across
the basin-by
adjusting farm-level
irrigation type, for
example- to hold
yield constant
-Altered
design of
irrigation
infrastructu
re
-Additional
irrigation allocated
reservoir storage
-Modify the timing
of an investment
plan
Alternative
cropping
patterns
Project implementation
UNECA
Progress of the project
•
•
•
Inception workshop conducted
(May, 2012)
Stocktaking report on climate
change impact in Africa prepared
Project communication initiated
– Web portal established
– eRoom created
Web portal of the project
Key Messages: Adaptation in water
UNECA
Knowledge generation, sharing, brokering through effective SH engagement:
– Reduce uncertainty and knowledge gaps
– Co-generation of knowledge
Enhance WRD & IWRM
– Leapfrog in development, and water is one of the crucial path for CR & LCD
Use efficiency and sustainability
– Adopt critical interventions and technologies that are sustainable
– Increase land and water productivity, efficiency and value per unit of resources
Technology
– Technology transfers and access
Increase finance, investment and governance
– Accessing adaptation funds to support WRD pays of and lead to ‘Concrete
adaptation activity’ in Africa
– Urgent investment need to rescue meteorological and hydrological records,
upgrading networks, enhance knowledge base, climate service, etc
– Enhance policy and governance mechanisms
25
Issues for AGN to Consider
UNECA
• Development of Africa’s untapped water
resources could contribute both to mitigation (eg
hydropower, agriculture intensification) and
adaptation (agricultural productivity, drought,
flood, coastal protection, CRM) – needs
allocations in adaptation, new market
mechanisms and GCF
• Water resources be taken as a theme under
NWP and adequate focus on in adaptation wok
programme
UNECA
• How can ACPC be more useufl to AGN??
• Comments and questions
UNECA
ClimDev-Africa
Climate Change
Mitigation and adaptation through better water management
Mitigation is about gases.
Adaptation is mainly about water.
UNECA
ClimDev-Africa
Thank you
The ACPC
[email protected]
www.uneca.org/acpc
Climate
Change
Meets
Policy