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UNECA ClimDev-Africa Mainstreaming Water In Climate Change Adaptation Workshop of the Lead Coordinators of the African Group of Negotiators on Climate Change Addis Ababa, August 13-17, 2012 Climate Change Meets Policy Seleshi Bekele Awulachew (Ph.D) Senior Water and Climate Specialist ACPC-UNECA Outline UNECA This presentation covers: • The Nairobi Work Programme • Water under NWP and UNFCCC Process • Progresses • ACPC Related Works • Key Messages and Issues for AGN The Nairobi work programme - Objective UNECA Assist all Parties, in particular developing countries, including the least developed countries and small island developing states to: a. Improve their understanding and assessment of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change; b. Make informed decisions on practical adaptation actions and measures to respond to climate change on a sound scientific, technical and socio-economic basis, taking into account current and future climate change and variability. Overview of the Nairobi work programme UNECA Water in the UNFCCC process UNECA Article 4, para 1(e) commits Parties to Develop and elaborate appropriate and integrated plans for coastal zone management, water resources and National Adaptation Programmes of agriculture, and for the protection and Action (NAPAs) rehabilitation of areas, particularly in provides a process for LDCs to identify Africa, affected by drought and and prioritize actions to respond to their desertification, as well as floods” urgent and immediate needs with regard to adaptation to climate change. National Communications which all Parties report on the steps they have undertaken to implement the Convention provide information on vulnerability and assessment, climate change impacts and adaptation measures, including those relating to water (74 priority projects relate to water of 485 projects as at 2011) Water in the Nairobi work programme UNECA SBSTA 34 agreed to discuss the impacts of climate change on water resources and integrated water resources management under the NWP Technical paper on water and climate change impacts and adaptation strategies (made available for Durban negotiations) Durban mandate to organize, in collaboration with NWP Partner organizations and relevant organizations, a technical workshop on water and climate change impacts and adaptation strategies before SBSTA 37 (COP 18) and to include indigenous and traditional knowledge and practices for adaptation and gender-sensitive tools and approaches as cross-cutting issues. NWP timeline UNECA COP 16, review of second phase commence s before COP 17 COP 16 SBSTA 33 End 2010 Review is completed with mandates for interim activities before COP 17 SBSTA 34 Mid 2011 COP 17 decision on the ext. of the NWP with new mandates COP 17 SBSTA 35 End 2011 SBSTA 36 Mid 2012 Technical workshop on water (July, Mexico City), workshop report Submission deadline on potential new work areas SBSTA 38 reconsideration of the NWP work areas, to support the CAF. COP 18 SBSTA 37 End 2012 Compilation of case studies on national adaptation planning processes SBSTA 38 Mid 2013 Technical workshop on ecosystemsbased approaches, workshop report produced (2013) COP 19 to consider recommen dations from SBSTA 38 COP 19 SBSTA 38 End 2013 Water Under NWP UNFCCC Progresses UNECA Knowledge sources • • • • NWP partner organizations have pledged actions contributing to the enhancement of understanding and assessment of vulnerability and adaptation practices in the water sector. Existing knowledge products-such as adaptation planning practices interface and local coping strategies provide information on adaptation planning and practices on vulnerable sectors, including water Climate Change and Freshwater Resources: A Synthesis of Adaptation Actions Undertaken by Nairobi Work Programme Partner Organizations, 2011 in collaboration with GWP UNFCCC Compendium on methods and tools to evaluate impacts of, and vulnerability and adaptation to, climate change, including on water resources. Round Table Stockholm RT Objectives • • • • • To open discussion on priority themes linking water, climate change impacts and adaptation To identify areas for focussed discussion for technical workshop based on gaps and needs Identify potential outputs and outcomes for the technical workshop To identify challenges in the exchange of information and knowledge between stakeholder groups Discuss need and opportunities for linkages, collaboration and knowledge sharing Outcomes • to feed into planning for the technical workshop • Of all the existing gaps and needs for action, the highest priority actions Objectives of the Technical Workshop UNECA 18-20 July 2012 a) assist all Parties, in particular developing countries, including the lDC and SIDS to improve and develop shared understanding of: – impacts and vulnerability of freshwater resources and water related sectors to climate change; – practical adaptation planning and practices that reduces vulnerability of fresh water resources and water-related sectors; – data, information and research needs, and opportunities, including on knowledge sharing and management and collaboration among stakeholders at all levels for integrated water resource management and building resilience of water resources to climate change b) provide a potential direction for future work on water, climate change and adaptation in the context of the Nairobi work programme Main Conclusion of the Technical Workshop UNECA Broad agreement on a thematic focus on water through which the NWP of work can/will provide recommendations on water related adaptation actions/initiatives/measures with the aim of:- • • • • • financing adaptation provide information and capacity building on adaptation within UNFCCC address cross-cutting issues and engagements bridging knowledge gaps facilitate dialogue/information between decision makers, scientist and practitioners • engage in dialogue and consensus building around water and CC • be a helpdesk/central contact for water related adaptation knowledge and practices Visit: http://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/workshops_and_meetings/item s/6955.php UNECA ClimDev Africa Programme DeliveryPartnership, Roles and Responsibilities The Climate Change and Desertification Unit (CCDU): Advocacy i.e. Political leadership & coordination of Africa’s common position on climate change The African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC): Policy i.e. Programmatic activities to develop climate policy capacity through knowledge generation, advocacy and advisory services The ClimDev Special Fund (CDSF) : Financing demandled investments on the ground for generation and use of climate information 11 The ClimDev Africa Programme UNECA Construct solid foundation in Africa for the response to climate change based on: Building solid science and observational infrastructure; Enabling strong working partnerships between government institutions, private sector, civil society and vulnerable communities; and, Creation and strengthening of knowledge frameworks to support and integrate the actions required. ClimDev Africa, 2012-2014 UNECA Summary of the ClimDev Africa Result Areas Include: • Widely available climate information, packaging and dissemination – With a focus on climate science, data, information and services. This includes extensive engagement with the meteorological and hydrological communities • Quality analysis for decision support and management practice – With a focus on climate resilient and low carbon, development the economics of such development, and sectoral issues • e.g. in the areas of water, land, agriculture, energy, and infrastructure – This includes extensive engagement with policy, practice and research communities • Informed decision-making, awareness and advocacy – Including the CCDA Conferences, an presence at COPs, and outreach at all levels to the policy, practice and research communities • ClimDev Africa Programme functioning – Secretariat, CDSC Meetings, establishment of the CDSF(at the AfDB) and the CCDU (at the AUC) UNECA ACPC working program 2012-2014 Result Area 1 Outputs Widely available climate information, packaging and dissemination 1. Rescue of historical meteorological and hydrological data 2. Data management of climate and hydrological data 3. Upgrade telecom, observation and data collection systems for upper air and surface networks 4. Quality monitoring of greenhouse gases, air quality, inland lakes, African oceans, coastal environments and glaciers 5. Hydrological observations and data management 6. Detect and attribute carbon sources and sinks 7. Early warning and seasonal forecasting 8. Long term climate projections and scenarios 9. Climate information packaging for all climate sensitive sectors and end users UNECA Programmatic activities- programme & stakeholders engagement Climate and Development Policy Community Practice Community Research Community •Knowledge generation and sharing •Advocacy and consensus building •Technical coop’n and capacity dev. •Frameworks, strategies, plans •Case studies and examples •Research and partnerships ClimDev-Africa Climate finance and economics Climate resilient development Low carbon development Climate science, data and information ACPC Stakeholders –CC & Water focus UNECA Global Continental Regional National Local Policy UNFCCC, Other UN (UN-Water, UNISDR, UNESCO, UNEP, ….), …. AUC, CAHOSC, AGN, M Councils, UNECA, AfDB, Pan African Par. RLBO, RECS, Ministries (Environment, Water, ….), Universities Communities, Households Practice UN Initiatives, World Bank, …. NEPAD & CAADP, PIDA, WSA, NGOs, … RECs, Commissions, TB projects Met & hyd dep, water, agriculture, energy, …. Communities, individuals, … Research/ knowledg e sharing IPCC, UNESCOIHP, CGIAR (IWMI, CCAFS, ….), ARI (Global climate centers, Research), IntraACP GCCA, … WB 7 River Basins, CORDEX, Network of Universities, ACMAD, AMESD/MESA … Climate centers (ICPAC, AGRHYMET, …) , RLB Initiatives, CILLS, … Universities, Research Centers, NGOs,… Communities, experts, scientists, …. Important • Mapping partners (primary/secondary) • Engagement directly or through partners • Defining impact pathway and roles through ACPC activities Water & Climate Works Eg of KSM & Stakeholders UNECA • Africa Wide Expert Consultation • Key Knowledge Products – Working papers, policy briefs, book chapters, IPCC reviews, etc • Project Examples – Climate Data and Information System in 8 countries to be out scaled to 54 countries – ACP-World Bank Infrastructure and Climate Change in 7 River Basins of Africa – West Africa TB Aquifer Management – …….. • Knowledge Sharing, Dissemination and Advocacy Examples – CCDA-I and II – CoP17 – National- sub-regional – continental mechanisms – Intra-ACP GCCA ACPC Work Example: Major Programme Areas in 8 countries UNECA • Climate data and information for development – – – – • Assessment of existing data and information system Meteorological data rescue, upgrade network, modernize the system Hydrological data rescue, upgrade network, modernize the system Setting up MRV and related capacity Climate change adaptation climate resilience – – – • Analytical tool and methods for extreme events Climate change effects on key sectors: agriculture, water, energy, … Climate change adaptation, technology needs assessment and finance Climate change mitigation and low carbon development – – • Climate change mitigation and technology needs assessment Exploration of opportunities: technical, policy, financial for LCD Capacity building & technical support – Knowledge support in implementation of Rwandan • • – climate change R&D and strategy MIDIMA Strategy Support in curricula development, ToT, dissemination/communication, graduate programmes UNECA ACPC Example: Costs and benefits of adaptation projects in 5 selected river basins ACPC Work Examples UNECA Addressing the climate vulnerability of Africa’s infrastructure Objectives 1. Quantify the impacts of climate change on performance of infrastructure in the water (irrigation, water supply, hydropower), power pool, and transport sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa; 2. Identify, demonstrate and cost, robust adaptation approaches for planning, evaluating and designing specific infrastructure investments in the face of climate uncertainty; 3. Formulate actionable recommendations for policy makers (at the regional, subregional and national levels) on how to enhance the climate resilience of infrastructure development, and mobilize the required resources Project area Three sectors 1. Water infrastructure (hydropower, irrigation, municipal/industrial water supply) 2. Power pools (with hydropower input) 3. Roads Conceptual framework UNECA Steps to be followed • • • • For each sector (hydropower, irrigation, power pools, roads, water supply), the OBJECTIVE VARIABLES that Policy makers are interested in achieving will be specified in the base line (no climate change) and under climate change; Next DECISION VARIABLES will be specified which can be used to achieve the target of the objective variables. Finally the DEVIATIONS from baseline targets of the objective variables caused by climate change (assuming no adaptation) will be evaluated For adaptation decision variables that minimize the average or maximum regrets will be selected Example for irrigation sector Sector Objective variable A. Baseline (no climate change) B. Climate change Decision variables B.1 No adaptation B.2 Adaptation Estimate of climate change impacts Irrigation Achieve yield consistent with country plans. Complete any gaps in the national plan using optimal irrigation scheme at a threshold rate of return -Scheduling of Deviation in projects included domestic crop in master plan yield from no climate change -Design of baseline, and individual value of lost (or schemes gained) yield Decision variables (regional/national level) Decision variables (higher resolution case studies) -Irrigation efficiency across the basin-by adjusting farm-level irrigation type, for example- to hold yield constant -Altered design of irrigation infrastructu re -Additional irrigation allocated reservoir storage -Modify the timing of an investment plan Alternative cropping patterns Project implementation UNECA Progress of the project • • • Inception workshop conducted (May, 2012) Stocktaking report on climate change impact in Africa prepared Project communication initiated – Web portal established – eRoom created Web portal of the project Key Messages: Adaptation in water UNECA Knowledge generation, sharing, brokering through effective SH engagement: – Reduce uncertainty and knowledge gaps – Co-generation of knowledge Enhance WRD & IWRM – Leapfrog in development, and water is one of the crucial path for CR & LCD Use efficiency and sustainability – Adopt critical interventions and technologies that are sustainable – Increase land and water productivity, efficiency and value per unit of resources Technology – Technology transfers and access Increase finance, investment and governance – Accessing adaptation funds to support WRD pays of and lead to ‘Concrete adaptation activity’ in Africa – Urgent investment need to rescue meteorological and hydrological records, upgrading networks, enhance knowledge base, climate service, etc – Enhance policy and governance mechanisms 25 Issues for AGN to Consider UNECA • Development of Africa’s untapped water resources could contribute both to mitigation (eg hydropower, agriculture intensification) and adaptation (agricultural productivity, drought, flood, coastal protection, CRM) – needs allocations in adaptation, new market mechanisms and GCF • Water resources be taken as a theme under NWP and adequate focus on in adaptation wok programme UNECA • How can ACPC be more useufl to AGN?? • Comments and questions UNECA ClimDev-Africa Climate Change Mitigation and adaptation through better water management Mitigation is about gases. Adaptation is mainly about water. UNECA ClimDev-Africa Thank you The ACPC [email protected] www.uneca.org/acpc Climate Change Meets Policy