Download Chemical Reactions

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Naming Flowchart
Chemical nomenclature
Naming Ionic
Naming acids
% comp gum lab
Chemical Reactions
Classifying reactions
Types of Chemical Reactions
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Types of Chemical
Reactions
• Spontaneous reactions—occur
naturally, the process is unaided.
• Example:
–Decomposition of dead matter =
spontaneous endothermic reactions.
(absorbs heat energy)
–Forest fire = spontaneous exothermic
reactions. (releases heat energy)
• Non-spontaneous reactions—can
only occur when linked to an energy
source.
• Example:
–Striking a match book:
Match: head contains KClO3
Book: sand paper strip contains
phosphorus.
*Need energy (to strike the match for it to
light!)
Reaction
Types
Synthesis (Combination)
Reactions
• the combination of 2 or more substances
to form a compound
• only one product
A + B  AB
Synthesis (Combination) Reactions
• Two or more
substances
react to form
one product
• Examples:
N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)  2 NH3 (g)
C3H6 (g) + Br2 (l)  C3H6Br2 (l)
2 Mg (s) + O2 (g)  2 MgO (s)
2 Mg (s) + O2 (g)  2 MgO (s)
Decomposition Reactions
• a compound breaks down into 2 or more
simpler substances
• only one reactant
AB  A + B
Decomposition Reactions
• One substance breaks
down into two or more
substances
• Examples:
CaCO3 (s)  CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
2 KClO3 (s)  2 KCl (s) + O2 (g)
2 NaN3 (s)  2 Na (s) + 3 N2 (g)
Combustion Reactions
• the burning of any substance in O2 to
produce heat
A + O2  CO2 +H2O
CH4(g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Combustion Reactions
• Rapid reactions that
produce a flame
• Most often involve
hydrocarbons
reacting with oxygen
in the air
• Examples:
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g)
C3H8 (g) + 5 O2 (g)  3 CO2 (g) + 4 H2O (g)
Whoosh Bottle Demo is a
Combustion Reaction
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Single Replacement
• one element replaces another in a
compound
– metal replaces metal (+)
– nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-)
A + BC  B + AC
C. Johannesson
Single Replacement
Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
C. Johannesson
Double Replacement
• ions in two compounds “change partners”
• cation of one compound combines with
anion of the other
AB + CD  AD + CB
C. Johannesson
Double Replacement
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + K2CrO4(aq)  PbCrO4(s) + 2KNO3(aq)
C. Johannesson
Practice—Classify the Following Reactions as
Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement,
or Double Replacement.
3 Mg(s) + 2 FeCl3(aq)  3 MgCl2(aq) + 2 Fe(s)
Single Replacement.
CO2(g) + H2O(l)  H2CO3(aq)
Synthesis.
3 KOH(aq) + H3PO4(aq)  K3PO4(aq) + 3 H2O(l)
Double Replacement.

CaCO3 ( s ) 

CaO(s )  CO 2 ( g )
Decomposition.
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