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Transcript
Organelle Name: Cell Wall Cell Wall You know, I remember it being much easier to get into an animal cell. This must be the cell wall, which is something an animal cell does not have. The cell wall is a rigid (not flexible) layer of material that surrounds plant cells. In animal cells, the cell membrane is the outside of the cell. Plant cells also have a cell membrane, but the cell wall is outside of it. If the cell membrane is the door and security guard, controlling what comes in and out of the cell, then the cell wall is like a gate surrounding the factory. A plant’s cell wall helps to protect and support the cell. A plant’s cell wall is made of a strong material called cellulose. While the cell wall is tough, important materials such as water and oxygen can still pass through. Why don’t animal cells have cell walls? The answer is that animal bodies need to be able to bend. If we had cell walls, we could snap like a twig whenever we moved! Organelle Name: Chloroplast Chloroplasts Interesting … I don’t remember seeing those green ovals in an animal cell. Those must be chloroplasts! Chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. Animal cells don’t have chloroplasts. That makes sense, of course, because animals need to eat to live! Animals can’t make their own food, so they eat to survive. However, plants can use their chloroplasts to make their own food! Ever wonder why plants are green? It’s because their cells have chloroplasts. The chloroplasts are filled with a green chemical called chlorophyll (klor-o-fill) that absorbs sunlight. That chemical is green, which makes the entire plant green! While only plant cells have chloroplasts, both plant and animal cells have mitochondria. In animal cells, the mitochondria break down food animals eat to make energy. In plant cells, the mitochondria break down the food the plant makes itself to produce energy.