Download CELL PARTS

CELL PARTS
ANIMAL CELLS
PLANT CELLS
ORGANELLE
• A specialized
subunit within a
cell that has a
specific function.
• The name
organelle comes
from the idea that
these structures
are to cells what an
organ is to the
body.
CYTOPLASM
• Both plant/animal
• Clear, thick,
jellylike material
• Supports/protects
cell organelles
NUCLEUS
• Both plant/animal
• Large, oval
• Controls cell
activities
NUCLEOLUS
• Both plant/animal
• The nucleolus is a
knot of chromatin
– Chromatin is DNA in its
active form
– Made of protein and
nucleic acids
• Site where ribosomes
are made
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
• Both plant/animal
• Surrounds nucleus
• Selectively
permeable
• Controls
movement of
materials in/out of
nucleus
CHROMOSOMES
• Both plant/animal
• An organized
structure of DNA and
protein
• Single piece of coiled
DNA containing many
genes
• Controls activities of
the cell
• Pass on
traits/blueprint for life
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• Both plant/animal
• Network of tubes
or membranes
• Carries materials
through cell
• Internal delivery
system
RIBOSOMES
• Both plant/animal
• Small bodies free
or attached to E.R.
• Produce proteins
MITOCHONDRIA
• Both plant/animal
• Bean-shaped with
inner membranes
• Breaks down sugar
molecules into
energy
– ATP
VACUOLE
• Plant – few/large
• Animal – small
• Fluid-filled sacs
• Store food, water,
waste (plants need
to store large
amounts of food)
CELL MEMBRANE
• Both plant/animal
• Plant – inside cell wall
• Animal – outer layer;
cholesterol
• Selectively permeable
• Support and protection
• Controls movement of materials
in/out of cell
• Barrier between cell and its
environment
• Maintains homeostasis
• AKA – plasma membrane
CELL WALL
• Plant, not animal
• Outer layer
• Rigid, strong, stiff
• Made of cellulose
• Support (grow tall)
• Protection
• Allows H2O, O2, CO2
to pass into and out of
cell
CHLOROPLASTS
• Plant, not animal
• Green, oval usually
containing chlorophyll
(green pigment)
• Uses energy from sun
to make food for the
plant (photosynthesis)
LYSOSOMES
• Plant – uncommon
• Animal – common
• Small, round, with a
membrane
• Breaks down larger
food molecules into
smaller molecules
• Digests old cell parts
CENTRIOLES
• Animal, not plant
• The walls of each
centriole are usually
composed of nine
triplets of microtubules
(protein of the
cytoskeleton).
• Play a role in cell
division
STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
• Organelles are small
structures within cells that
perform dedicated functions.
• As the name implies, you can
think of organelles as small
organs.
• These organelles allow the
cell to function properly.
• The function of each
organelle is directly related to
its structure.