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Welcome to Biology You will have 1 minutes to complete the Bell Ringer. Bell Ringer What is the name of the two enzymes used in DNA replication? minute seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds seconds BELL RINGER BELL RINGER BELL RINGER BELL RINGER B E L L B E L L R I N G E R R I N G E R Bell Ringer Bell Ringer Bell Ringer Bell Ringer Bell Ringer Bell Ringe Welcome to Biology ALL Students pick up the following items: • Glue • ISN If absent yesterday you need: • Scissors • Daily assignment Protein Synthesis : Transcription and Translation Protein Synthesis •Synthesis- to “make” or “build” •Protein SynthesisThe process by which the DNA strand is transcribed from DNA into RNA and then translated into an amino acid forming a polypeptide chain. •Referred to as: The Central Dogma Protein Synthesis has two parts: 1. Transcription 2. Translation Transcription • Process by which the DNA strand provides the instructions for the synthesis (making) of RNA. Step of Transcription • Takes place in the nucleus. • A specific gene of DNA is transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase. • The instructions for making a protein are transferred from the nucleus to the ribosome. Codon- Three nucleotide sequence which codes for a specific amino acid. mRNA has CODONS • 1 codon equals 1 amino acid • mRNA codons base pairing rules A C T Isoleucine Aspartic acid Proline U G A Genetic Code: START Gene Expression •Certain genes are expressed within the DNA strand •The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a protein (a trait) •Exons – useful DNA (what is coded) •Introns – “Junk” DNA (what is non-coded) Gene Expression Exons: Useful DNA •During transcription….. •Gene expression takes place as the RNA will read coded (exons) and non-coded (introns) regions in the DNA. •Pre-mRNA will remove the introns through RNA splicing. •mRNA will exit the nucleus with only exons. Introns: Junk DNA Gene Expression Let’s Practice STEP 1 DNA Replication Parent DNA: Daughter DNA: 5’TAC XXX GAT CAG TGC AAA 3’ _____________________________ STEP 2 Exons and introns Pre – ____________________________________________________ mRNA: STEP 3 Only exons in mRNA in the form of CODONS mRNA: Step 4 Amino acid (protein) Amino Acid: ____________________________________________________ ______________________________ Welcome to Biology ALL Students pick up the following item: • ISN • Protein Synthesis Foldable DNA Translation • Translation is the second step of protein synthesis that uses codons from mRNA to specify the sequence of amino acids (polypeptide chain). • Takes place in the ribosomes • Ribosomes is the site where proteins are made! The Genetic Code: ThreeNucleotide “Words” • tRNA- Carries amino acids (proteins) • Anticodon- Compliments the codon • Polypeptide is a sequence of amino acids. Steps to Translation Let’s Practice DNA 5’ ATT CGG GCA TTC GAA 3’ mRNA ____________________________ tRNA ____________________________ A.A ____________________________ In Summary • No talking during assignment • When finished put it in seat work • Finish Baby DNA SNORK DNA