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Cells
Chapter 2
The Cell
• Cell- The basic
unit of function
and structure in
living things.
• Cells come in
many shapes and
sizes.
Cell Wall
• Strong, rigid wall that
protects the cell and
gives it shape.
• Plants, bacteria, fungi
and some protists have
Cell Walls.
Cell Membrane
• The outer covering of a cell.
• Used for protection and
support.
• Controls what enters and
exits the cell.
Cytoplasm
• A gel-like substance
found inside the cell.
• Used to support the
organelles.
Organelles
• Structures within a cell
with special functions.
• There are many types of
organelles, with different
functions!
Nucleus
• Regulates and controls
all the activities within a
cell.
• Contains chromosomesThick strands of DNA
that do not leave the
nucleus.
Chloroplast
• Green organelle that makes
sugar for plants.
• Chloroplast is used in
photosynthesis.
• Contain chlorophyll- Green
pigment that captures the
sun’s light.
• Plants contain chloroplast.
Mitochondria
• Rod-shaped organelle that
provides energy for the cell.
• The POWERHOUSE of the
cell!
• The site of cellular
respiration
Ribosomes
• Tiny organelles that are
used to make proteins.
• Some float throughout
the cytoplasm, some are
stuck to other organelles
like the Rough ER.
Vacuoles
• Organelles that are used
for storage.
• Vacuoles store food,
water and waste.
• Larger in plant cells
Lysosomes
• Small round organelles
that contain digestive
chemicals.
• Used to break down
food, waste and dead or
damaged organelles.
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Organelles
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
REMEMBER???
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Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ
System
s