Download Intro to Cells

Chapter 7 Pages 168-193
……what does it mean to be living?
Mrs. Brown Rocks!
•Be based on a universal genetic code
•Grow and develop
•Be able to reproduce
*Sexually
*Asexually
•Use materials and energy- metabolism
•Be able to respond to their environment
*Stimulus
Response
•Maintain stable internal environment- homeostasis
•Change over time, as a group- evolution
•Made of units called cells
Cells in organisms are specialized to perform different tasks.
Muscle
Blood
NOT
Skin
Brain
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Atom
Element
Molecule
Compound
Cell
•Basic units of life; perform special jobs
Tissue •Similar cells function together
Organ •Different tissues
function together
Organ System
•Different organs function
together
Organism
Cell Theory
Matthias Schleiden Theodore Schwann
all plants are made
of cells
all animals are made
of cells
Cell Theory
Rudolf Virchow
all cells came from
pre-existing cells
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
•All living things are composed of cells
•Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
•New cells are produced from existing cells
Cell Types
PROKARYOTE
EUKARYOTE
• No nucleus
• No membrane-bound
organelles
• Small ribosomes
• Most cells are 1 -10 μm
in size
• Evolved 3.5 billion years
ago
• Found only in
Archaebacteria and
Eubacteria Kingdoms
•
•
•
•
Has nucleus
Many organelles
Larger ribosomes
Cells can be between 2 1,000 μm in size
• Evolved 1.5 billion
years ago
• Includes Protista, Fungi,
Plantae and Animalia
Kingdoms
Cell Type: Prokaryotes
• Prokaryotes, which includes all bacteria, are
the simplest cellular organisms. They have
genetic material but no nucleus.
Typical bacteria cell
Cell Types: Eukaryotes
• Eukaryotic cells contain
a membrane-bound
nucleus and numerous
membrane -enclosed
organelles (e.g.,
mitochondria,
lysosomes, Golgi
apparatus) not found in
prokaryotes.
What Are the Parts of Cells
• Both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells have
some things in
common.
nuclear
cell membrane
ribosomes
cytoplasm
material
• All cells have
–
–
–
–
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
genetic material