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Genes and Natural Selection BY: Shanelle Cabral Sierra Jacoby Brenen Basaldua Who started this • Darwin proposed his theory of evolution, cell division, genes, and chromosomes had not yet been discovered Deoxyribonucleic acid • “DNA” • Double stranded molecule with the shape of a helix. • Contains genetic information known as “genes”. • Capable of copying itself so that the information can be passed from one generation to another. Genes • Is a unit of heredity information • Contains the chemical instructions for making proteins, and these proteins are largely responsible for the structure and function of organisms. Chromosomes • Structures consisting of DNA and protein • Found in cellular structure called the nucleus • A nucleus acts as the control center of the call. Asexual reproduction • Offspring receive their genes from only one parent, and as a result, they are identical to the parent in all of their characteristic. • This type of reproduction introduces no variety into the population. Sexual reproduction • Genes are randomly assorted into new combinations during the formation of sex cells • Sex cells (eggs, sperm, pollen, etc.) are called gametes. • A gene pool is all of the genes in a given population that exist at a given time Fitness • Measured in terms of the number of its own genes that are presented in the next generation of a population.