Download Ch. 7 GN - Jamestown Public Schools

Unit 3 Cells
Ch. 7 Cell Structure & Function
The Discovery of the Cell
- Robert _________ used compound ________ microscope to view _______, a _________
material
- ________ had 1000’s of ____________ in it – named the chambers _________
The Cell Theory
- Cells – the ________ unit of _______
- Developed the ______ theory:
o All _________ things are made of ________
o ________ are the basic units of _______________ & _______________ in
_________ things
o New _______ are produced from _________________ cells
Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
- _______ are in __ broad categories depending on whether they have a _____________
- Nucleus – a ______________________ structure that contains the cell’s _____
o Controls the cells ________________
- Eukaryotes - ______ that have a _____________
- Prokaryotes - _______ that do not have a ______________
Comparing the Cell to a Factory
- Organelles – “little __________”, structures within a _______
- Cytoplasm – portion of the _______ outside the ___________
Nucleus
- Nucleus – contains cell’s _____, & with it, the _______________ for making ____________
- Nuclear envelope - ____________ that surrounds the ____________
- Nucleolus – center of _____________, where ________________ are formed
Ribosomes
- ___________ are made on ______________
- Ribosomes – small particles of ______ & ____________ found throughout the __________
o Site of ___________ synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Endoplasmic reticulum - ____ - site where ____________ are _______________
Golgi Apparatus
- Golgi apparatus – function is to ____________ proteins from the ____
o The “_______________ center” of the ______
Lysosomes
- Lysosomes – small ______________ filled with ___________
o They _______ down (_________) __________, carbohydrates, & ____________
into molecules that can be used by the ________
Vacuoles
- Vacuoles - ___________ structures that _______ materials like _________, salts,
___________, & carbs
Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
- Mitochondria - ______________ that convert chemical _________ stored in _________ to
_______________ that can be used by the _______
o The “______________” of the ______
- Chloroplasts - ________________ that capture __________ from ______ & convert it into
____________ energy, during ____________________
o _________ structures, only found in __________ cells
Cytoskeleton
- Cytoskeleton – a network of _________ filaments that help the _____ maintain its _______
Cell Membrane
- Cell membrane – regulates what _________ & __________ the ______, also provide
______________ & _____________
o Contains _________ _______________ - __ layers of __________
Cell Boundaries
- Cell wall – found in __________ cells, fungi, _________, & many _________________
(NOT in ___________ cells)
o Provides ____________ & ________________ for the _____
Diffusion Through Cell Boundaries
- Every _____________
cell exists in a
__________ environment
that it needs to
____________
- ________ have a
different
_________________ or
amount of
__________________
within them
- Diffusion ________________ of
______________ from
an area of ___________
concentration to
____________
concentration to create
___________________
o Does NOT require
___________
- Equilibrium – when the
________________ of a substance is the _________ on both sides of a _____________
Osmosis
- Osmosis _____________
of _________
through a
selectively
_____________
membrane, until
_____________
is reached
Facilitated Diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion - _____________ that can’t __________ across the ______ lipid
bilayer on their own, move through ___________ channels instead
Active Transport
- Active transport – requires _________ moves ___________ the concentration gradient
from _____ to ____________
Unicellular Organisms
- ______ are the basic unit of all ________________, but sometimes a _____ is the
_________________
- A single-celled ________________ is also called a ________________ organism
Multicellular Organisms
- _______________ made up of many ______ are __________________
- Cell specialization - ______ throughout an _____________ can develop in different ways to
perform different _________
Levels of Organization
- The __________ of organization in a ________________ organism are individual ______,
tissues, ___________, & __________ systems
- Tissue – a group of similar _______ that perform a particular ___________
- Organ – many groups of __________ working ______________
- Organ system – a group of __________ working together to perform a specific __________