Download Chapters 19-21 review

1.
The method by which DNA can be passed from
one bacterium to another through viral infection is
called ____________________
2.
The enzyme found in retroviruses that is used to
change an edited human mRNA back into DNA so it
can be inserted into a plasmid is called
______________________
3.
DNA strand made from eukaryotic RNA using
reverse transcriptase is called ___________.
4.
Enzyme used to join “sticky ends” of DNA
fragments cut with restriction endonucleases.
5.
Small, self-replicating loops of DNA found in
bacteria that may contain genes for antibiotic
resistance and conjugation.
6. Name the enzymes found naturally in bacteria
which leave “sticky ends” when they cut DNA
7.
Name the type of
Viral lifecycle shown
8. Virus that infects bacteria.
9. Viral DNA that is incorporated into the bacterial
host DNA during the lysogenic cycle is called a
_______________
10.
Name this process used
to make billions of
copies of a small amount
of DNA
11. Palindrome sequences on DNA that are
recognized by restriction enzymes.
12. Infectious agent consisting of a nucleic acid
(DNA/RNA and double/single stranded) surrounded
by a protein coat.
13. Virus that contains RNA and the enzyme
reverse transcriptase surrounded by a bilayer
envelope made from host membranes.
14. Small pieces of complementary DNA used to
start the strand when copying the DNA segment to
be amplified using PCR.
15. DNA polymerase isolated from a thermophilic
archaebacterial that can withstand the high temps
of PCR.
16. The uptake of foreign “naked” DNA by bacteria
is called _________________
17. The direct transfer of DNA between two
bacterial cells.
18. Bacteria with R plasmids are able to:
a. make sex pili
b. resist some kinds of antibiotics
c. copy their DNA without errors
d. killed infected mice
19. DNA is ___________ charged so it will move
in an electric field on a gel.
20. During DNA electrophoresis, fragments that
are ____________ move farther along the gel.
21. All of the following are TRUE about restriction
enzymes EXCEPT:
a. used to destroy “foreign DNA” in bacteria
b. can leave “sticky ends” when DNA is cut
c. can help amplify DNA using PCR
d. can be used to insert human DNA into
bacteria
22. Which of the following is a problem with
getting prokaryotic cells to express human genes?
a. their genetic codes differ because bacteria
use uracil instead of thymine in DNA
b. prokaryotic spliceosomes only recognize
bacterial introns
c. bacterial ribosomes are too small to translate
long eukaryotic mRNA
d. bacterial cells lack splicing enzymes because
they don’t have introns
23. A scientist recovers a bit of tissue from a 400
year old Dodo bird and would like to compare it
against samples from living birds. What technology
would be most useful in increasing the amount of
DNA for testing?
a. bacterial transformation
b. polymerase chain reaction
c. electroporation
d. electrophoresis