Download Genetics: Tour of the Basics

Genetics: Tour of the Basics
Name___________________
Go to the following website: http://www2.tcaps.net:8080/nollerra/
Click on “Genetics Introduction” in the left hand column.
WEBSITE NEEDED: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/basics/tour/
Each question refers to a different page that has text on it. Some pages have more than
one question.
What is DNA?
1.
Where are the cells you will be examining?
2.
What do the instructions tell the cell?
3.
The instructions come in what form?
4.
What are the ‘pairs’?
5.
What are these sentences called?
What is a Gene?
1.
What are genes the directions for?
2.
What are genes made of?
3.
How many of our genes carry instructions for hemoglobin?
4.
Make a small sketch of a hemoglobin molecule with the oxygen:
5.
What disorder can a mutation in the hemoglobin gene cause?
6.
Give 2 more examples of proteins your genes code for:
What is a Chromosome?
1.
How long would a stretched out DNA be?
How does all that DNA fit into a cell?
2.
After the main double helix form, what does DNA form next?
3.
What forms a chromosome?
4.
How many chromosomes does one cell hold?
How many are in a human cell?
Who do we get genetic material from?
How are the last pair of chromosomes labeled?
5.
How are the chromosomes lined up in the picture?
What sex is the person in the picture and how do you know?
6.
How many chromosomes do mosquito’s have? Onion’s? Carp’s?
What is a Protein?
1.
How many cells are in our bodies?
How many proteins are in a cell?
How do those proteins work?
2.
What happened to cause the person pain?
3.
What are responsible for the sensation of pain?
4.
What are our nerve networks made up of?
What does the receiving end of each cell in the line have?
What are those proteins responsible for?
5.
How are these nerve cells shaped?
How are those branches held in place?
6.
How do scientists model protein structure and function?
7.
How is the information encoded in our genes described?
What does each gene encode?
8.
What happens when a cell needs to make a certain protein?
9.
Ribosomes read the message and produce what?
10. What happens once the protein is made?
What is Heredity?
1.
What is the basis of heredity?
2.
What do our genes encode?
What else helps define our traits?
Give an example:
3.
When parents conceive a child, what do they contribute?
4.
What is created when an egg and a sperm cell join?
5.
Each parent contributes what to the child?
What is the only rule?
6.
Why does every child inherit a unique set of chromosomes?
7.
What will this baby contribute when she grows up?
What is a Trait?
1.
What is a trait?
2.
What are physical traits?
Give some examples:
3.
What are behavioral traits?
Give an example:
4.
What is a predisposition?
Give an example:
5.
What do the instructions encoded in our genes play a role in?
What else is important in shaping our traits?
6.
What determines our natural hair color?
What can change our hair color?
7.
Dogs can be bred to chase balls, but what else can they be trained to do?
8.
What can reduce the risk of getting heart disease?
9.
Which kind of thumb do you have?
What is an allele?
What letter do we use to indicate a straight thumb gene?
What letter do we use to indicate a hitchhikers thumb gene?
10. What are the 3 possible combinations of the thumb genes?
11. What kind of thumb will result from H + H?
What kind of thumb will result from h + h?
What does the term homozygous mean?
12. Predict what kind of thumb a H + h person will have:
13. What kind of thumb do the H + h people have?
14. In this case, the “H” gene is called what?
What is the masked “h” gene called?
What does the term heterozygous mean?
15. The mom and dad each have how many alleles for the thumb trait?
16. How many do they pass on to their child?
17. What are the combinations of alleles that the child might get?
18. When the first child grows up, what will she contribute?
19. How are most traits inherited?
What is it called when alleles work together?
20. Are single gene traits common?
21. How are traits controlled most of the time?
What are these traits called?
22. How does the DNA compare between all humans?
What creates the diversity that we see?