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SNC2D – Earth and Space Science: Climate Change Topic Key Concepts and Vocabulary Worksheets, materials What’s the difference between weather and climate? Main factors affecting weather and climate Handout: Weather and Climate Main Components Affecting Earth’s Climate Energy balance, effect of earth’s tilt, rotation and revolution around the sun on climate Handout: Main Components Affecting Earth’s Climate Earth’s Energy Balance Energy transfer: radiation, conduction, convection; electromagnetic spectrum, albedo, heat sink, infrared radiation Handout: Earth’s Energy Balance The Atmosphere and Hydrosphere Layers of the atmosphere, ozone, importance of atmosphere to life on earth, composition of atmosphere, atmospheric circulation, ppm (parts per million), water cycle Handout: The Atmosphere Handout: The Hydrosphere The Greenhouse Effect Natural and anthropogenic greenhouse effect, seasonal variations in Keeling Curve, ice core records of carbon dioxide levels, greenhouse effect on other planets (Venus and Mars), major greenhouse gases (GHGs) – sources, heat trapping abilities, permanence in atmosphere Handout: The Greenhouse Effect (Natural and Anthropogenic) Long-term and Shortterm Climate Changes Plate tectonics, continental drift, Pangaea, ice ages, interglacial periods, characteristics of the earth’s orbit: eccentricity, tilt, precession; effect of volcanoes, solar cycles, El Nino Handout: Long and shortterm changes in Climate Clues to Past Climate Proxy records: ice cores, tree rings, coral reefs, rock and ocean sediment – what kind of climate information does each of these give? Handout: Studying Clues to Past Climates Large body of evidence: rising temperatures, melting glacies, ice sheets and sea ice, rising sea level, changes in severe weather, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in ecosystems Handout: Evidence for Climate Change Weather and climate Evidence for Climate Change Assignment: Climatograph Assignment: Climate and Tree Growth quick lab Assignment: Greenhouse Effect Lab SNC2D – Earth and Space Science: Climate Change Feedback Loops Feedback, positive and negative feedback loops, carbon sink Handout: Feedback Loops and Climate Change Assignment: Warming the Arctic Effects of Climate Change Major areas of impact (for humans and ecosystems): extreme weather, water supply, forests and habitat, polar regions, health, economics Handout: Effects of Climate Change Taking Action Methods of reducing human GHG contributions, individual action (e.g. transportation, energy sources, consumption patterns), social and government action (taxes, rebates, international agreements – Kyoto Protocol) Handout: Taking Action Major assignment: Taking Action on Climate Change All handouts are available on-line at the course website: rosedalegrade10science.wikispaces.com Climate Change Big Ideas Summary: • Natural and human factors, including the Greenhouse Effect, influence Earth’s climate and contribute to climate change. • Climate change has many effects on human societies, wildlife and ecosystems. There are many initiatives (individual, societal, governmental) that attempt to address climate change. SNC2D – Earth and Space Science: Climate Change Big Idea Questions (You should be able to answer these!) 1. What’s the difference between climate and weather? 2. What natural factors influence climate? 3. How does the natural greenhouse effect work? What is the theory of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect? 4. Name 3 sources of evidence for global climate change, and explain the importance and limitations of each kind of data. 5. Give an example of how feedback can help increase the effect of climate changes. 6. How might changes in water supply and temperature affect agriculture or the health of humans and wildlife? 7. Give 2 examples each of individual initiatives and societal/governmental initiatives to address climate change.