Download Name Date Ch 4 reading guide – Biology in Focus

Name _______________________________
Date __________________
Ch 4 reading guide – Biology in Focus- A Tour of the Cell
(Adapted from Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw’s reading guides)
Concept 4.1 Biologists Use Microscopes and the Tools of Biochemistry to Study Cells
1. The development of electron microscopes has further opened our window on the cell and its
organelles. What is considered a major disadvantage of the electron microscopes?
2. Study the electron micrographs in your text. Describe the different types of images obtained from:
scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
3. Explain cell fractionation.
Concept 4.2 Eukaryotic Cells have Internal Membranes that Compartmentalize their
Functions.
4. What are the basic features that all cells must have?
5. Explain the difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell.
6. Why are cells so small? (think surface area to volume ratio.)
7. Explain the structure of the nucleus.
8. Explain the structure and function of the nucleolus.
9. Explain what the endomembrane system is and its purpose.
10. Review figure 4.12 Explain how food coming into the cell gets digested.
11. How do lysosomes function in autophagy? (Figure 4.13)
12. What is the function of a contractile vacuole?
13. Explain the endosymbiont theory (important to know).
14. Explain the function of peroxisomes.
15. Explain the function of the cytoskeleton.
16. Explain the function of the components of the cytoskeleton.
a. microtubules
b. centrosomes and centrioles
c. cilia and flagella
d. microfilaments
e. intermediate filaments
17. Explain the structure and function of the cell wall of a plant.
18. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix.
19. What are?:
a. plasmodesmata
b. tight junctions
c. desmosomes
d. gap junctions