Download Classwork May 15th

Classwork May 15th- May 25
Directions: Using Chapter 19 and Chapter 20 in the Red books, answer the following
questions on a separate sheet of paper. THIS IS A 70 POINT OPEN BOOK TEST!
Heredity & Genetics
DNA Structure (chapter 19)
1. Describe the structure of DNA. What are the sides composed of? What are the rungs
composed of? [3pts]
2. State the rule of complimentary base pairing. [2pts]
3. What is the full name for the bases ATGC? [4pts]
4. Describe the purpose and process of DNA replication (be sure to include a diagram of
the process and label the nucleotide, nitrogen bases, phosphate, deoxyribose, and the
hydrogen bond on the DNA molecule.) [8pts]
5. Where is the DNA located? [1pt]
DNA Function (chapter 19)
6. What does DNA stand for? [1pt]
7. What is the function of DNA? [1pt]
8. What is the relationship between DNA and heredity? [1pt]
9. What is contained in the four nitrogenous bases of DNA? [1pt]
10. Each individual DNA strand serves as a __________________ or model for the
formation of other DNA molecules by replication. [1pt]
Gene-Chromosome Model (chapter 20)
11. Use the following diagram to describe the relationship between genes, DNA, and
chromosomes. [3pts]
Asexual Heredity
12. Every organism requires a set of coded instructions for specifying its traits. What
structure is responsible for carrying these coded instructions? [1pt]
13. Asexually produced offspring are produced by a process called what? [1pt]
14. Explain why asexually reproduced offspring often look identical to their parents. [1pt]
15. Describe 3 examples of asexual reproduction. [3pts]
Sexual Heredity
16. Why do sexually reproduced offspring resemble their parents, but are not identical to
either of their parents? (Use the processes of crossing over, mutations, and genetic
recombination in your answer) [4pts]
17. Define mutation. [1pt]
18. Under what circumstances are genetic mutations passed from parents to offspring in
sexually reproduced organisms? [1pt]
Protein Synthesis
19. RNA is short for what kind of nucleic acid? [1pt]
20. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA. [6pts]
21. What are the two types of RNA used in protein synthesis? [2pts]
22. Describe the process of protein synthesis. Include the words, template, codon,
mRNA, tRNA, DNA, ribosome, amino acid, transcription and translation. [9pts]
23. Draw a sketch of the process of protein synthesis. Label the parts above in your
diagram [9pts]
24. Why do the proteins produced by different humans and other organisms exhibit
differences? [1pt]
25. Describe the structure of a protein molecule. [1pts]
26. Explain the relationship between the sequence of amino acids in a protein, the shape
of the protein and the function of the protein. [3pts]