Download Biology Test 1 Study Guide – Things to know

Biology 1st 9 weeks Test Study Guide – Things to know!
1. In science, a hypothesis is only useful if it is written in a way that enables to be tested. Why?
2. A ___________ is not always true, but instead may be revised or replaced (unlike a law).
3. In an experiment, be able to identify the control group and experimental group.
4. In an experiment, be able to identify the independent variable and dependent variable.
5. Name the characteristics that ALL living things share.
6. Describe homeostasis.
7. Which type of microscope allows light to pass through the specimen and uses two lenses to form an image?
8. Place the following levels of organization in order from smallest to largest: organism, population, ecosystem, and
community.
9. What is the chemical formula for water and what does that mean?
10. What happens between atoms during a covalent bond?
11. What is the most abundant compound in living things?
12. Water is a polar molecule. Which end is slightly negative and which end is slightly positive?
13. If a substance has a pH of 9, is it an acid or a base?
14. Which organic compound is composed of monosaccharides?
15. Which is bigger, a simple sugar or a polysaccharide? Explain.
16. Which is bigger, an amino acid or a protein? Explain.
17. Which is bigger, an RNA molecule or a nucleotide? Explain?
18. Which organic compound is the main source of energy for living things?
19. Hydrogen plus oxygen form water. Which is the product?
20. Describe what happens to iodine in the presence of starch.
21. Name the type of bond that forms between amino acids.
22. Describe the importance of CHNO.
23. Name the four organic compounds, the elements found in each, their primary functions, examples, and the
subunits that make them up.
24. Describe the difference in a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid.
25. Who was the first person to see and identify cork cells?
26. Name the three parts of the cell theory that applies to all types of living cells.
27. Which cell structure contains the cell’s genetic material and controls many of the cell’s activities?
28. An animal cell, like a red blood cell, that is surrounded by fresh water will burst. Why?
29. What do prokaryotes lack that makes them different from eukaryotes?
30. A nucleus is an organelle? What is an organelle? Name two others.
31. Bacteria are examples of which type of cell?
32. Describe the main function of the cell wall.
33. Describe the functions of the cell membrane.
34. The cells of multicellular organisms are specialized. What does this mean?
35. What is the name used to describe the thin flexible barrier around every cell?
36. Describe the function of the cytoskeleton.
37. Which organelle converts food energy into energy the cell can use?
38. At which organelle does protein synthesis occur? (i.e., which organelle makes proteins?)
39. In which type of cells are chloroplasts found?
40. Which types of cells definitely do not have cell walls?
41. The cell membrane contains channels and other structures that help move materials in and out of the cell. What
are these made of?
42. Define diffusion.
43. When cells are in equilibrium with their environment, will molecules move in or out? Explain.
44. Which type of cellular transport requires energy?
45. Provide examples of passive transport.
46. Define osmosis.
47. Cells have buffering agents to help minimize the changes in pH in their internal environments. What does pH
measure?
48. Substances can move with a concentration gradient or against a concentration gradient. Which one of these
movements describes active transport?
49. What is the function of the nuclear membrane (aka nuclear envelope)?
50. Given an image of a cell, be able to label its parts and/or functions.