Download Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO ÍNDICE

Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
ÍNDICE
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VOCABULARY
VOCABULARIO
UNIT’S CHART
UNIT’ ACTIVITIES AND NOTES.
VOCABULARIO TEMA 3. A PLANET FULL OF LIFE
Here you have 5 key words of this Unit. You have to study them. If you include more
definition in your notebook, you will have extra points in your notebook marks.
1.
Cell: basic structural and functional unit of an organism.
Smallest unit of an organism that can exist alone.
2.
DNA: nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in most
organism.
3.
Multicellular organism: Organism with more than one cell.
4.
Organelle: special compartment inside a eukaryotic cell that
performs a specific function.
5.
Vital Function: activities that organism must do to live
WRITE HERE ALL THE NEW VOCABULARY FOR THIS LESSON.
For example:
Blood: sangre.
Microscope: microscopio.
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Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
VOCABULARIO TEMA 3. LA VIDA EN LA TIERRA
De cada palabra escribe su definición, un ejemplo si te lo pido y su traducción al
inglés. No olvides incluirlo en tu cuaderno.
1. AUTÓTROFO. EJEMPLO.
2. HETERÓTROFO. EJEMPLO.
3. GAMETOS. EJEMPLO
4. MICROSCÓPICO. EJEMPLO.
5. ADN
6. CÉLULA. EJEMPLO
7. PLURICELULAR. EJEMPLO.
8. UNICELULAR. EJEMPLO.
9. TEJIDO. EJEMPLO
10.ESPECIE. EJEMPLO
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Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
UNIT’S CHART
From Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya
1. Look this diagram and add the following concepts in the correct place: autotrophic, heterotrophic, sexual,
asexual, animal cell, plant cell.
2. How many types of cells exist?
3. Write the three vital functions.
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Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
4. How many kingdoms exist? Write their names
5. Why is a cat bigger than a protozoa?
a. Because it has more cells.
b. Because its cells are bigger
BASIC CONCEPTS
What is a living being?.
How would you define a living thing? In other words, what do mushrooms, sunflowers, cats, and bacteria have
in common?
 All living things grow, reproduce, and maintain a stable internal environment.
• All organisms are made of cells.
• All living things need energy and resources to survive.
There are millions of different living beings and they are classified in groups following diverse criteria. First of all, we
can look at the way they feed:
The autotrophic beings, like plants, need water, salt and gasses such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. They use the
energy from the sunlight to make their own food. This process is called photosynthesis.
Heterotrophic beings, like animals, cannot make their own food and instead they have to get it from their
surroundings. This is why they feed off other living beings or they feed off decomposing organic matter.
Activity 1. Complete the following sentences:
The nutrition of plants is ………………...... because they make their own food from
……………………………………………………………............................. .
The nutrition of animals is ………………………………… because they get their
nutrients by feeding on ………………………………………………….................
An important characteristic of living beings is that they all are made up of cells. A cell is the smallest part that is alive.
So, cells are the unit of life. There are two types of living beings according to the number of cells they have:
- The unicellular beings have only one single cell.
- The pluricellular beings have more than one cell
picture 1
picture 2
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Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
We are made of cells.
Our body contains about one hundred billion ( a million million) cells.
All cells have three main parts:
o Cell membrane
o Cytoplasm
o Nucleus
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o
o
Cell membrane: It is a thin layer like a skin around the cell. It separates the inside and the outside of
the cell and covers the whole cell. It controls what passes in and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm: It is the jelly-like substance inside the cell. It contains the organelles which are small
structures in the cytoplasm.
Nucleus: It controls the cell. It controls the cell functions and cell division. It contains genetic
material with hereditary information.
Types of cells.
There are two types of cells: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.
- The eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and they are generally larger, about 0.1 mm. They are found in animals, plants
and other living beings.
- Prokaryotic cells are much simpler. They have no nucleus and only appear in some unicellular beings. Their size is
around 0.001 mm.
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Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO
Activity 2. Tick the places where we can find cells:
In a person arm.
In a mushroom.
In a rock.
In a piece of wood from a table.
In a frog’s leg.
Iin a plastic pen.
In the blood of an animal.
Activity 3. Complete the following sentences:
The nutrition of plants is ………………...... because they make their own food from
……………………………………………………………............................. .
The nutrition of animals is ………………………………… because they get their
nutrients by feeding on ………………………………………………….................
Activity 3. Match the words on the left column with the sentences on the right
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2
3
4
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Cell membrane
Eukaryotic cells
Cytoplasm
Prokaryotic cells
Nucleus
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
They are those cells which have got a nucleus
It contains genetic material with hereditary information.
It controls what passes in and out of the cell
Animals and plants have got this type of cell
It is a thin layer which separates the inside and the outside of the cell
It is the jelly-like substance inside the cell
Bacteria and similar living beings are made up of this type of cell
Activity 4. Complete this table and answer these questions
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Nucleus
Living beings (example)
Where do all cells come from?
What is the name of the structure which separates the inside and the outside of the cell?
What is the cytoplasm?....
What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?.
Activity 5 Fill in the table. Write: Plant cell / Animal cell / Both of them (the two types of cell) / None of them.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
It has got a nucleus............................................
It has got a chloroplast......................................
It has got a cell wal............................................
It has not got a big vacuole................................
It has got many mitochondria............................
It has got a cell membrane................................
It has got a cytoplasm........................................
It has not got a chloroplast................................
It has got ribosomes..........................................
It has not got a nucleus......................................
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
Activity 6. Fill the boxes with the names of the organelles marked in the picture
Activity 7
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
Activity 8. Look at the cell in the picture:
A. Name the structures marked with a number.
The image in the picture belongs to a:
Prokaryotic cell -Eukaryotic animal cell- Eukaryotic vegetable cell
Activity 9.The diagram below shows a microscopic view of a one-celled organism. Four cell
structures are labeled. Which statement about the labeled structures is correct?
(1) They normally can be seen without
magnification.
(3) They help carry on life activities within
the cell.
(2) They can survive outside the cell.
(4) They cause disease within the cell.
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
From Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya
Cell A mistake………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Cell B mistake………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Activity 11. Write the name of each structure: / organism/tissue/ Cell/ Organ/
Write two examples of each level
Cell_________________________
Tissue_______________________
Organ _______________________
Organism__________________
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
1- Read the text carefully and underline all the unknown words.
2- Write the translation of three of them.
a. .
b. .
c. .
3- Look for the meaning of DNA
DNA is…….
4- Do viruses meet the requirement for life that living things are made of cells? Explain
your answer
5- Do viruses grow and develop? Explain
6- Do viruses reproduce? Explain
7- Are viruses living things? Explain your answer
8- True or False about virus:
A virus belongs to the five kingdoms of life
9- 2. T or F A virus is not made up of cells
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
10- 3. T or F Viruses eat, and the do many of the functions that other
11- living things do
12- 4. T or F The only thing that a virus does is to reproduce
13- 5. T or F Scientists do not consider a virus to be a living thing
14- 6. T or F A virus has a outside protective wall that is very weak proteins
15- that can protect the virus for years and make it hard to kill
16- the birus
17- 7. T or F Inside of this protective shell, the virus is filled with bits of
18- DNA
19- 8. T or F A virus releases its DN A into a cell, then it is able to take
20- control of that cell
21- 9. T or F Instead of performing its normal functions, once the virus
22- releases it’s DNA into a cell, the cell begins to create new
23- viruses
24- 10. T or F Viruses do not attack other cells in our bodies
CLASSIFICATION INTO SMALLER GROUPS.
A species is the first level of classification for living beings. A species is a set of beings which are
physically similar and which reproduce among themselves and produce fertile descendants.
In Latin, species are given two names: human beings are called Homo sapiens, sparrows
(gorriones) are Passer domesticus, lentiscos are Pistacia lentiscus and so on. The first name
refers to the genus and it has to be written in capital letters while the second one refers to the
species and has to be written in small letters. Scientific names are very useful because they are
known all over the world.
Activity 12.Why do scientists in all parts of the world use Latin to name living things? For
example, scientists in China and scientists in Canada name Fox as Vulpes vulpes.
Activity 13.The scientific name of the wolf is Canis lupus. Complete the sentence:
The wolf belongs to the genus ..................…… and to the species .................…… .
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
1-
What’s the difference between a branching dichotomous key and a numbered
dichotomous key?
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What’s your favourite? Explain your answer
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BRANCHING DICHOTOMUS KEY. Write here.
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NUMBERED KEY. Write here.
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A PLANET FULL OF LIFE. UNIT 3.Natural Science 1º ESO
In this notebook you could find some information from:
1-
Activity Book 2008. Pablo Acosta Robles. 1º ESO Natural Science.
2-
I.E.S. LLANES SEVILLA. DEPARTAMENTO DE
BIOLOGÍA Y GEOLOGÍA. Unit 3. The Living beings.
3C. Echevarría, E. Dehesa, et al. Natural Science 1º Secondary Education.
Editorial Anaya
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