Download AP Biology Study Guide

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts

Enzyme wikipedia , lookup

Biosynthesis wikipedia , lookup

Fatty acid metabolism wikipedia , lookup

Glucose wikipedia , lookup

Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup

Mitochondrion wikipedia , lookup

Thylakoid wikipedia , lookup

Butyric acid wikipedia , lookup

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide wikipedia , lookup

Metalloprotein wikipedia , lookup

Phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup

Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup

NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating) wikipedia , lookup

Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup

Electron transport chain wikipedia , lookup

Metabolism wikipedia , lookup

Adenosine triphosphate wikipedia , lookup

Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup

Light-dependent reactions wikipedia , lookup

Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup

Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup

Citric acid cycle wikipedia , lookup

Oxidative phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup

Glycolysis wikipedia , lookup

Transcript
AP Biology
Mrs. Morton
AP Biology Study Guide: Chapter 9
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
Key Terms:
fermentation
cellular respiration
redox reaction
oxidation
reduction
reducing agent
oxidizing agent
NAD+ / NADH
FAD+ / FADH2
electron transport chain
glycolysis
Krebs cycle/ Citric Acid Cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
substrate level phosphorylation
pyruvate
acetyl CoA
cytochromes (cyt)
ATP syntahse
chemiosmosis
proton-motive force
aerobic
anaerobic
alcohol fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
faculative anaerobe
beta oxidation
Objectives:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Distinguish between fermentation and cellular respiration.
Describe the summary equation for cellular respiration.
Define oxidation and reduction.
Explain how redox reactions are involved in energy exchanges.
Describe the role of NAD+ and the electron transport chain during respiration.
Describe the cellular regions where glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain occur.
Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA, what molecules are produced, and how this process links
glycolysis to the Krebs cycle.
Explain how the exergonic “slide” of electrons down the electron transport chain is coupled to the endergonic
production of ATP by chemiosmosis.
Describe the process of chemiosmosis.
Explain how membrane structure is related to membrane function in chemiosmosis.
Summarize the net ATP yield from the oxidation of a glucose molecule by constructing an ATP ledger that
includes coenzyme production during the different stages of glycolysis and cellular respiration.
Compare the fate of pyruvate in alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.
Compare the process of fermentation and cellular respiration.
Describe evidence that the first prokaryotes produced ATP by glycolysis.
Describe briefly how food molecules other than glucose can contribute to anabolic pathways.
Explain how ATP production is controlled by the cell and what role the allosteric enzyme, phosphofructokinase,
plays in the process.