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Cell Structure and Function PowerPoint Questions CELLS 1. What is the smallest basic unit of life? 2. What is needed to see most cells? 3. ___________ are made of one cell, while _______ are composed of more than one cell. 4. What are prokaryotic cells? 5. Give an example of a prokaryote. 6. Where is DNA found inside prokaryotic cells? 7. What 2 structures surround prokaryotic cells? 8. What organelle, not surrounded by a membrane, is found in prokaryotes & eukarotes? 9. What are eukaryotes? 10. Are plant and animal cells prokaryotes or eukaryotes? 11. Name the 3 basic cell structures in eukaryotes. a. b. c. __________ are small structures in the cytoplasm that perform specific functions. 12. What surrounds the outside of all cells? 13. What 2 things make up all cell membranes? 14. Cell membranes only allow certain materials into & out of the cell so they are said to be ________________ _____________. 15. Is the phospholipid heads hydrophilic or hydrophobic? 16. Is the phospholipid tails hydrophilic or hydrophobic? 17. Phospholipids are structured in a __________________ where tails point inward toward each other. 18. What molecules can move directly through the phospholipid bilayer? 19. Why is the cell membrane called the “Fluid Mosaic Model? 20. What are the 2 functions of cell membrane Proteins? 1. 2. 21. ________________ proteins are attached on the surface. 22. ________________ proteins are embedded completely through the membrane. 23. ________________________ have carbohydrate to act as markers for cell recognition. 24. In plant cells, a cell __________ surrounds the cell membrane for extra support. 25. Plant cell walls are made of _____________ fibers and are freely ______________. 26. Cell walls resist the loss of _________ from a cell and give _________ & support to the cell. 27. The cell ______________ is a living layer around cells, while the cell ________ in plants is nonliving. 28. Jelly-like material inside the cell membrane is called _______________ and is where most ____________________ of the cell take place. 29. Organelles are found inside the cell's _________________. 30. The ______________ controls the activities of the cell and contains the cell's _____________. 31. Chromosomes inside the nucleus contain _____________ that control the cell's characteristics. 32. The ______________________ surrounds the nucleus. 33. Where is the nucleolus located? 34. Cells may have _______ to ______ nucleoli. 35. Nucleoli make _____________ that make __________ for the cell. 36. The ______________________ helps cells maintain cell shape and __________________ organelles around. 37. The cytoskeleton is made of __________________ called the __________________________ and _________________. 38. What paired organelle involved with cell division is found in animal but NOT plant cells? 39. What organelle serves as the powerhouse of the cell? 40. What important process takes place in the mitochondria? 41. Which type of cells would have more mitochondria & why? 42. ___________ like glucose are burned in the mitochondria to release cellular energy known as __________. 43. The function of the ER is 44. How does smooth ER differ from rough ER? 45. Proteins used in the cell are made by __________ Er, while proteins to be exported are made by _____________ ER. 46. Ribosomes function to join amino acids to make _____________________. 47. Describe the structure of Golgi bodies. 48. Golgi receive and modify _________ made by the ER. 49. What structures pinch off the ends of the "shipping" side of Golgi to carry cell products to their destination? 50. Lysosomes contain __________ enzymes to break down _______ and worn out ________ parts. 51. Explain how lysosomes are programmed for cell daeth. 52. ___________________ are shorter and more numerous on cells. 53. _____________________ are longer and fewer on cells. 54. What large organelle takes up most of the space in a plant cell? 55. Do animal cells have vacuoles like plant cells? Explain. 56. Cell __________ is found inside the central vacuole & may contain ____________, proteins, _____________, wastes, and ______________. 57. Contractile vacuole are found in __________________ protist like paramecia. They regulate ________________ intake by pumping out excess. 58. What does the contractile vacuole keep the cell from doing? 59. _____________________ are found only in producers. 60. Chloroplast make _______________________ through the process called _________________________. 61. Chloroplast contain their own _____________. 62. Give 3 examples of different kinds of plant cells. 63. Name 2 structures found in plant, but NOT animal cells. 64. List 3 similarities between plant and animal cells. a. b. c. 65. How do plant and animal cells compare in size? 66. How do plant and animal cells compare in shape to each other? 67. Do animal cells have cell walls? 68. Animal cells store food energy as _____________, while plants store food energy as ____________. 69. Where is the nucleus in: a. animal cells? b. plant cells? LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION 70. Cells of _____________ organisms are specialized to do different jobs. This is known as _______________________. 71. Give 2 examples of specialized animal cells & their jobs. a. b. 72. Similar cells grouped together to do a job are called ____________. 73. Tissues working together to do a job are known as __________. 74. Several organs & tissues working together to carry out a set of functions is known as a ______________. 75. Systems working together make an _______________.