Download Biology -Chapter 14: Human Heredity

Biology -Chapter 14: Human Heredity
Learning Goals
Text Section 14.1 Human Chromosomes
1. Demonstrate the ability to interpret and construct a karyotype.
2. Identify the types of human chromosomes in a karyotype.
3. Compare and contrast autosomal and sex chromosome monosomies and trisomies.
Give examples of human monosomies and trisomies.
4. Identify the genotype of male and female.
5. Explain which parent determines the sex of the offspring and demonstrate the ability
to prove this by using the Punnett Square.
6. Identify common disorders/chromosomal mutations from a karyotype (nondisjunction, translocation, duplication,
deletion, and examples)
7. Describe Simple Mendelian Inheritance of Human Traits.
Give examples of Dominant Autosomal Inheritance in Humans.
Give examples of Recessive Autosomal Inheritance in Humans.
Give examples of Codominant autosomal, Multiple alleles, and sex-linked Inheritance in Humans
8. Define X-inactivation and explain how it results in calico coloration in cats.
9. Demonstrate the ability to interpret and construct a pedigree.
10. Explain why X-linked disorders occur more frequently in males. Describe sex-linked inheritance and
demonstrate the ability to do the Punnett Squares.
Video: “Designer Dogs”, “Lorenzo’s Oil”, “Nova: Anastasia”
Lab: Karyotype Letter
1. To perform a karyotype analysis of a fictitious patient.
2. To draw a conclusion about what genetic disease the patient has inherited.
3. Write an empathetic letter in formal business format to the parent of the patient informing them about the
disease and what they should expect.
Lab: Mosaic Cats
1. To investigate the effects of X-inactivation on the phenotype of an organism.
Activity: Pedigrees
1. Determine the genotypes of individuals in a pedigree
2. Recognize and determine the meaning of symbols used in a pedigree
3. Use a pedigree to determine how a trait is inherited
4. Construct a pedigree from information gathered on a ficticious family for Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Text Section 14.2 Human Genetic Disorders
1. Explain how small changes in DNA cause genetic disorders
2. Identify the genetic causes of common disorders such as sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome,
Kleinfelter’s
3. Explain the genetic advantage of diseases such as sickle cell and CF in terms of natural selection.
4. Summarize the problems caused by nondisjunction.
Chapter 14 Learning Goals
page 2
Assignment: Genetic Disease Brochure/Genetic Disease Poster Session
1. Design a “doctor’s office” informational brochure or tri-fold poster about one genetic disease and present it to the
class.
Lab/Activity: Woody Guthrie Case Study
1. Using internet research, construct a pedigree of Woody Guthrie’s family to show how Huntington’s disease was
passed down in his family.
2. Analyze the pedigree to determine the inheritance pattern of Huntington’s disease.
3. Discuss the ethics and effects of genetic testing for diseases such as Huntington’s.
Text Section 14.3 Studying the Human Genome
1. Summarize the methods of DNA analysis.
2. State the goals of the Human Genome Project and explain what we have learned so far.
3. Describe the technique of gel electrophoresis and how it is used to study human genes
4. Define bioinformatics and genomics and relate the terms to the lab we performed using the NCBI database for
the HBB gene.
Video : “King Tut Unwrapped”
Lab: Who is King Tut’s Father?
1. Construct a model of a DNA electrophoresis using DNA segments from 3 mummies.
2. Recognize specific DNA sequences by using radioactive DNA probes within a gel and
3. Analyze the arrangement to identify the father of King Tut.
Lab: Dye Separation
1. Identify the basic components of an electrophoresis system.
2. Obtain a basic understanding of their functions.
3. Determine which dye moved the farthest in the gel.
Lab: Detecting Cancer Genes
1. Develop a pedigree to show how cancer is inherited in one family.
2. Run a gel electrophoresis to separate the p53 genes of a woman with breast cancer.
3. Determine the patient’s genotype based on the gel electrophoresis results.