Download Revision Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best

Revision
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which structures carry out cell movement?
a. cytoplasm and ribosomes
c. microtubules and microfilaments
b. nucleolus and nucleus
d. chromosomes
2. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
a. an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
b. an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
c. an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.
d. all of the above
3. Diffusion occurs because
a. molecules constantly move and collide with each other.
b. the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution.
c. the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution.
d. molecules never move or collide with each other.
4. When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will
a. move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
b. stop moving across the membrane.
c. move across the membrane in both directions.
d. move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
5. Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
a. diffusion
c. facilitated diffusion
b. osmosis
d. active transport
6. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
a. osmotic pressure.
c. facilitated diffusion.
b. osmosis.
d. active transport.
7. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
a. water to move into the cell.
c. solutes to move into the cell.
b. water to move out of the cell.
d. solutes to move out of the cell.
8. Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism?
a. multicellular
c. levels of organization
b. cell specialization
d. unicellular
9. The cells of multicellular organisms are
a. smaller than those of unicellular organisms.
b. simpler than those of unicellular organisms.
c. specialized to perform different tasks.
d. not dependent on one another.
10. All of the following are examples of cell specialization EXCEPT
a. a pancreatic cell that produces protein-digesting enzymes.
b. muscle cells that control movement of materials in the body
c. a prokaryotic cell that carries out photosynthesis.
d. a red blood cell that carries oxygen.
11. Which of the following is an example of an organ?
a. heart
c. digestive system
b. epithelial tissue
d. nerve cell
____ 12. All of the following are types of tissues EXCEPT
a. muscle.
c. digestive.
b. connective.
d. nerve.
____ 13. A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(an)
a. organ.
c. tissue.
b. organ system.
d. division of labor.
____ 14. Which of the following is an organ of the digestive system?
a. stomach
c. muscle cell
b. nerve tissue
d. epithelial tissue
____ 15. An organ system is a group of organs that
a. are made up of similar cells.
b. are made up of similar tissues.
c. work together to perform a specific function.
d. work together to perform all the functions in a multicellular organism.
____ 16. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the simplest level to the most
complex level?
a. cell, tissue, organ system
c. tissue, organ, organ system
b. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
d. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
____ 17. A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas
being collected is probably
a. oxygen.
c. ATP.
b. carbon dioxide.
d. vaporized water.
____ 18. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
a. oxygen.
b. high-energy sugars and starches.
c. ATP and oxygen.
d. oxygen and high-energy sugars and starches.
____ 19. Which of the following is(are) used in the overall reactions for photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide
c. light
b. water
d. all of the above
____ 20. In the overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide result in six molecules of
a. glucose.
c. oxygen.
b. water.
d. ATP.
____ 21. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called
a. pigments.
c. chloroplasts.
b. thylakoids.
d. glucose.
____ 22. What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a. 6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b. 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy  6CO2 + 6H2O
c. 6CO2 + 6H2O  6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d. 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy  6O2 + C6H12O6
____ 23. Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
a. food molecules.
c. carbon dioxide.
b. ATP.
d. water.
____ 24. Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?
a. oxygen
c. glucose
b. water
d. all of the above
____ 25. Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble
____ 26.
____ 27.
____ 28.
____ 29.
____ 30.
____ 31.
____ 32.
____ 33.
____ 34.
a. dividing.
b. producing daughter cells.
c. moving needed materials in and waste products out.
d. making copies of their DNA.
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
a. cell division.
c. interphase.
b. metaphase.
d. mitosis.
Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?
a. cytokinesis
c. prophase
b. interphase
d. S phase
The first phase of mitosis is called
a. prophase.
c. metaphase.
b. anaphase.
d. interphase.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
a. prophase
c. metaphase
b. telophase
d. anaphase
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
c. interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
d. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?
a. It helps separate the chromosomes.
b. It breaks down the nuclear membrane.
c. It duplicates the DNA.
d. It divides the cell in half.
The two main stages of cell division are called
a. mitosis and interphase.
c. the M phase and the S phase.
b. synthesis and cytokinesis.
d. cytokinesis and mitosis.
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have
a. centrioles.
c. a cell plate.
b. centromeres.
d. chromatin.
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells,
each containing
a. two chromosomes.
c. eight chromosomes.
b. four chromosomes.
d. sixteen chromosomes.
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
sentence or statement true.
____ 35. If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a prokaryote. _________________________
____ 36. Once equilibrium is reached, roughly equal numbers of molecules move in either direction across a
semipermeable membrane, and there is no further change in concentration on either side of the membrane.
_________________________
____ 37. A red blood cell placed in pure water will shrink. _________________________
____ 38. Cell specialization means that the cells in an organism are uniquely suited to reproduce.
_________________________
____ 39. A typical organ is made up of many different kinds of cells and tissues. _________________________
____ 40. The energy in most food comes originally from sunlight. _________________________
____ 41. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called pigments.
_________________________
____ 42. Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of carbon dioxide.
_________________________
____ 43. If an animal cell stops carrying out cellular respiration, it will die. _________________________
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
44. Molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less
concentrated. This process is called ____________________.
45. The cells in a multicellular organism have specific jobs. This is called cell _________________________.
46. The levels of organization in a multicellular organism are ____________________, tissues,
____________________, and organ systems.
47. Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of ____________________.
48. The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called _________________________.
Figure 10–3
49. The structure labeled A in Figure 10–3 is called the _________________________.
50. The process shown in Figure 10–3 occurs only in ____________________ cells that have just divided.
51. Look at Figure 10–3. The process shown occurs directly following mitosis. This process is called
____________________.
Short Answer
52. What would happen if the cell membrane became impermeable?
53. Explain, in terms of osmosis, why a raisin placed in a cup of pure water overnight will puff up with water.
54. What would happen to an animal cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.8% if it were placed in a salt
solution with a concentration of 20%? Why?
55. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis in both symbols and words.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A student put together the experimental setup shown below. The selectively permeable membrane is
permeable to both types of solute molecules shown.
Figure 7–4
56. Interpreting Graphics Describe the experimental setup shown in Figure 7–4. Do you expect the distribution
of the solutes on each side of the membrane to change over time?
57. Predicting Describe the movement of the C molecules on side A of the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4. What
will happen to these molecules over time?
58. Predicting Look at Figure 7–4. Describe the movement of the D molecules on side A. What will happen to
these molecules over time?
59. Predicting What will the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4 look like when equilibrium is reached?
60. Predicting Once equilibrium is reached in the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4, will the molecules continue to
move? Explain your answer.
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 10–4
61. Interpreting Graphics What does Figure 10–4 represent? How do you know if this is an animal cell or a
plant cell?
62. Inferring What is the chromosome number of the cell shown in Figure 10–4?
63. Inferring Identify the structures labeled X and Y in Figure 10–4.
64. Applying Concepts List the correct order for the diagrams in Figure 10–4.
65. Predicting After the steps shown in Figure 10–4 are arranged in the correct order, what would a diagram of
the next step show?