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Download 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype KEY CONCEPT affect the expression of traits.
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7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype KEY CONCEPT The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype. • Mendel studied autosomal gene traits, like hair texture. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype • Mendel’s rules of inheritance apply to autosomal genetic disorders. – A heterozygote for a recessive disorder is a carrier. – Disorders caused by dominant alleles are uncommon. (dominant) 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype Males and females can differ in sex-linked traits. • Genes on sex chromosomes are called sex-linked genes. – Y chromosome genes in mammals are responsible for male characteristics. – X chromosome genes in mammals affect many traits. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype • Male mammals have an XY genotype. – All of a male’s sexlinked genes are expressed. – Males have no second copies of sex-linked genes. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype • Female mammals have an XX genotype. – Expression of sex-linked genes is similar to autosomal genes in females. – X chromosome inactivation randomly “turns off” one X chromosome.