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Chemistry 256
1.
What molecules could be considered storage for amino acids.
a. Carbohydrate
b. Glycogen
(§)Proteins
d. Triacylglyderides
e. Urea
What is the fate of the amino group when amino acids are degraded and excreted
)
from the body.
C.liTJ~t~;{
ur..t"- 1" +k v...-./~L C'Jt-£,..-- uttL~ tsAYU-+...(
2.
tD
3. What is the product of a hydrolysis of a protein
4. Which en~me can hydrolyze proteins?
a. Aminotransferease
b. Lysosome
;c.'protease
ld("ATPase
e. Dehydrogenase
f.
5· In what process is ubiquitin used? Breifly describe it action.
LJN4 t ~UWl, '! ~oftt;tt~s- 74...-~~ pr"-f_.:.~ {;7 chJY~nWI
0
l.p~/'.1'
6. What are the fates of amino acids that has been degraded?
~he NH3 group is converted to Urea
~The NH3 group is converted to Acetyl-CoA
,.....--c:) The carbon skeleton is converted to Glucose
The carbon skeleton is converted to Urea
(9The carbon skeleton is converted to Ketone bodies
'-l!'
7· What are the products of the reaction below (transamination)
"O,C~COi _amt_·_no_tran_s_tier--lase~
+
0
8 What process if the PLP enzyme important. Describe its action
(oen~j\1\
l'i
..fkc.-
'j.,VVf 1ft h1
-fvc.nSIItn•Mfl"l
Ah-
t'lh-l '" t>
p.,-o~. I.J .tU~cf'l,.../J /cq.-r:....a ~
a.~.-,J C\t'!~ f¥-,.nslns
rf fo
1t'm1rtiO
ol k.-to,lt.fl:tr-;;b
9. a. What are major components of light harvesting antenna?
c{2 Chlorophyll
(ji) Carotene
c. Protein
d. THF
e. Urea
b. What is the main functionality/functional group of the compounds you choose above
that gives rise to their ability to harvest light. C6n.J"J~d Aoublt B;;.J;
10.
During Photosynthesis what event occurs in the OEC? What does it stand for?
C)j, 'J y'-"" 1»81~ J ~
11. Which
!llli
part of the chloroplast do the 'light reactions' take place?
a. Outer membrane
_A Stroma
(o/ Thylakoid membrane
a.
c.,.., t., - .......-l;, JS '~1' i,f 'it.
Inner membrane
e. Chloroplast center
.,,J lh-
-
-------
-~--
-----------~
12. Which photosynthetic reaction center (PSI or PSII) is responsible for
ATP synthesis_ ___:_f...:....s'lC.;:;;____ _ _ __
NADPH synthesis_P;....;s;;...;+,___ _ _ __
02 production.,___
Ps_,:O:=----Proton gradient formation Ps :JC
13. Which Plastoquinone(ol) shown below is oxidized and which is reduced.
H3C
H3C
o
J(x
H
/_,.
c.::;_
61-
.~
·vA
CH3
[cH2-CH=t-CH2]1JH
0
Plastoquinone
1~2 IH•I
H3C¢OH H
H3C
~
I
CH3
[cH 2-CH=t-cH 2]n-H
OH
Plastoquinol
14. Which events take place in the stroma of the chloroplast?
(~ATP synthesis,
~OEC
iS) Reduction of NADP
a. Formation of oxygen
15 a. What is photophosphorlation?
~~+uM 1 lrr'P
b. Wheredoesitoccur? C~lov-~l11d _...,
ATP
f'ov~VVJ,,~
c. What other process from chem 255 does this mimic? Al;o
to ~CitY w&-h1 ~ ....Mh~j b},11.+
stroiY'll'-"
~&~t),... \,~ m•fvchMoCv•~.
/lly,,.{Ahi-
16. What is the important product of the Calvin cycle that goes on to produ6e
carbohydrates?
Gf\f
17. What 2 reactants do photosystem I and II contribute to the Calvin cycle?
Alf>
r
tvAt>P-\o\
~
,Ja,Jph11'1•fuv
18. Circle what is true regarding the Calvin Cycle
('Qarbon dioxide is fixed
~AP is formed
Nitrogen is fixed.
Acetyl CoA is formed.
is produced ;n-p p~spno'f~l~s
ODP
I"'
Dt .rl-ep
19. What compound below is Chlorophyll similar to?
®moglobin
Glucose
ATP
AcCoA
Mitochondria
20.
When Nitrogen is 'Fixed' what is occurring:
a.
(})
c.
d.
e.
21.
Nitrogen is being oxidized to a biologically useful form
Nitrogen is being reduced to a biologically useful form
Nitrogen from amino acids is being converted to a biologically useful form
Nitrogen is being decomposed and excreted to the soil.
Nitrogen is being assimilated into Urea.
What type of plants fix nitrogen?
L.j"""=' {
f~< I<.M•j J
23. Which molecule is necessary for the assimilation of nitrogen into amino acids?
a. Acetyl Co-A
b. Pyruvate
{Y, a- Ketoglutarate
a. GAP
24 Which Amino acids would you consider to be both Glucogenic and Ketogenic (use
chart below)?
I
~~=:.
Is, C.IAttl'\.(.~ ~reor,,t'\t, ph..t.., r.,,pfupl.tv-J 'fbro.sl~
Glycine
Serine
_,/7
Th...onfne
TiyptoPf:tan
!"""
~
\
(
Asparagine
\
Asptrtate
""'
Oxalot~cetat•
Atpt~~, ...
Citric
/
\
1-
. Phen~lne-. Fu!Mrate add
Tyrosine ,,. ···
\
cycle
Suc~nyi.CoA
lsocltrate
lf!!!Jle~ne >.
C02
~nine •
2
u-l(etoglutarat•
~
.. , ..... · /
co
'Arginine
G.l~ma~
GlUtamine
Histidine
v_.a1p.
0 2008 John Wiley t. Som.lnc.AII rights
Proline
,_v.d.
25. The biosynthesis of Tyrosine depends upon the hydroxylation of phenylalanine by
the enzyme phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PAH) (show below).
·
a. What disease results from the lack of PAH? If~ k:ttuwn ._.,
b. Show the reaction that will occur when phenylalanine cannot be converted to
tyrosine.
Tetrahydrobiopterin + 02
0
H+
13
CH 2-CH-CooPhenylalanlne
0-John-·SoN,Inc.AI ...hU..,..-
J,\Y o.ru "'rl, nf.lt.»
o-
i l{
CJ~- C,- c,_lfJ
f~ P':J.-uvtt.
Dihydrobiopterin+~
1
~H +
3
HO~CH 2 -CH-COO-
Tyrosine
26. Depict the hydrogen bonding between the base pair Cand G.
~)Qb~
\ r· ~ tJ
,H
"~h
}-NH
r ,. . ._
,.,~
0
Guanine
cytosine
27 Depict the enol form of Guanine base
29. Describe transcription.
~ U..tvA #V\I~c ... l,,t or~ ~.It fv-'-"1 OJ.J.P.{~,....,f'lA~)sJrt.r/- fk.._
tn f4v.A h.~$ "' 'c dfl~' ti-u... AA ~l..t.l.nu ev,"jt, ,,... fu l>Jv.4
30. Fill in the missing reactant and product of the transamination reaction below.
1:. ..,~'3.
CIIS.-t_,l....-69
R~ctant
+
·o2C~CO£
0
/ y o · +Product
aminotransferase
CH3
0
0
C'=.b,. c. ...~~ eo,._e>
.J>-
...
~... ~
b. The PLP is an important cofactor in the reaction above. Circle the compound below
that is PLP.
H
PO
o-
31. (6 pts) With the information below draw a RNA trinucleotide of AT C going from
s'~3'
OH
OH
Ribose
OH H
Deoxyribose
. . .~~~,~~~~!'~~~~~~~~i.!!~~~.~Nucltotides
....
Ftmlull
&.
....
(X =HI
Nudtosl4e
(X
Adenosine
A
Nudlotldt•
=rilloH•I
IX= ribose phosphltt")
Ado
Adtnylk Kid
Aclenosint ~
A
AMP
X
0
;¢?
,;5
GulnoiiM
Guo
G
CytoiiM
Cyt
i
·~
0
I
X
u
n,.,...
Thy
T
Cyddlnt
Cyd
-
Gulnrlkldd
~MDI CFhiiF'IIIf
Cytldylk Kid
Cytldlllt IIIOIIOflho$flhtt
c
CMP
Uridlnt
Ulh¥k Kid
Urklllt •r.nophD'Pt.t.
UMP
""'
u
~
dThd
dT
~Kid
Dtolylllymldillt monophosphalt
dTMP