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Chemistry 256 P....e';J -b Jflqnn 1 Name j Mid-quarter exam 1-(80 pts) 1. (3 pts) Which of the following processes is stimulated by glucagon? L$brvc~~+tW\-"' iUl.ftt<i...e. '/ULO~,L.-/e;Jv-,Jr a. Glucose uptake in muscle ®Release of cAMP in the liver c. Glycolysis (g)Activation of Lipase in adipose tissue d. Activation of glycogen synthase in liver @Gluconeogenesis . (3 pts) Which .of the following statements about Na+-K+ ATPase transport system are true? 2. a. Is considered a carrier ionophore. b. Is a symport system. G Requires phosphorylation by ATP . Considered an 'antipoort system. :ci= Transports 3 Na+ ions for every 2 K+ions. Is considered an active transport system. -~s ~ 5'f 3. (3 pts) When Fatty acids are oxidized they are broken down by _-carbon units, and produce and the end of 1 oxidation cycle. a. 4, glycogen b. 3, Acetyl-CoA c. 2, pyruvate d. 4, oxaloacetate ~ 2, Acetyl-CoA 4. (2 pts) Which enzyme catalyzes the biosynthesis of fatty acids? a. b-ketothiolase b. Lipase c. HMG-CoA reductase d. Glylcerol Phosphatase @ Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) s. (4 pts) Draw an example of a glycerophospholipid that contains unsaturation at carbon 9 (position L\9). " ~~ 1\ CH 2-o-c I ~/ P. C~o~-o- c ·~__,__. . . . . . . . I CH.z.. -o- R G p-o \e 0 ~ ~/H 6. (26 pts ) For the metabolic overview shown below answer the following I A BB I c.- f,l~t.O~ ~~tou f\..~>os~\-..d, Glucose-6- phosphate ''~•n<'ft4~. II >I 3 '8' g~,,. . ,. , Pyruvate Ribose-5-phosphate I I ~ t:.\o'''f''+\...ts•.S t I cholesterol I ¢:o 'f.,.•o..c.J., ,\..,uro\ c:=:L) IFatty Acids I ¢o B I I c '-e..,.>e!A+J"" Citric acid Cycle What is process 4 called? C\vtol\..L~4.~.S\.~ What is process 8 called? $- oj.,a~nl.-Yl What is process 3 called? 1 FA fe;Jov.- f~-t~"fh~ rc.+hwAf' What process(s) (1-10) is/are activated by Lipase lO ('fAG~ F'll) What process(s) (1-10) involves the enzyme HMG CoA reductase? __(.._ __ What compound is B ~ a+i-Lo A What compound is A What process(s) (1-10) are considered Anabolic? ·4 l • t.t 17, ~B'vd•(·"'S '1> /s~Jn#.IJJj t 1.t, lct~'p-. rn~>LLL~o.itJ ~ .3, ~ What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)? What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3 __ ~~\ What process(s) (1-10) involve the oxonium ion intermediate Ho \.. II'\ Ho~? P..ot'h C.l~£~'1 l, 'V bwt't;{ -1.an~ · . ~ ,.ic.A I) lvv) 7· Below is a curve show lipid bilayer fluidity of species that exist at moderate temperatures. The x-axis is temperature in C and they-axis is degree of fluidity (higher value means the membrane is more fluid). I 0.121 0.11 0.8l 0.61 0.4l -------:---------:------=--- o.2 -.__I -I 2 I I I ~--~- 4 6 8 10 12 a. (2 pts) Sketch a new curve on this graph showing fluidity for a bilayer (membrane) of the cold water Antarctic icefish : b. (3 pts) State 2 possible differences about the icefish bilayer make-up as compared with the 'moderate' temperature species. - S\-\oltor al~"'-l- e~cuos · - i'Y'rn..(_... liiOS#\t-.\r"'-4d {Jo~bl(,bhl~isJ _ tr\~ c~o\..tJ ~J.--rc.l ., t..l'riWAJ 8. (2 pts) What is the fate of Ketone bodies once they reach peripheral tissue? a. Stimulates Glucose uptake into the liver b. Bundled into a Lipoprotein c. Are converted to Pyruvate @Are converted to Acetyl-CoA. e. Takes part in B oxidation 9. (2 pts) Which compound(s) would most likely be an allosteric inhibitor of the enzyme glycogen synthase. - Pro..tl.\.a~ Gl'1L.~ c...~t-.. blt.t.£.6U- c.vhc.n ..1-nerSJ /'1-Llds ~net · '""'·b•t6.,... lv•ll tllir"l .u!J.. ~ Glucose 'V W· AMP- P~~ ,.( u~J -4-rP ( #J~~tv lc.t.~ AiR rv..uJ WI~ c.ATP d. Insulin "'s J 10 a. (3 pts) Draw the carbocation that would be produced by dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. ~;--~-0-~-~ I 0 e I 0 e Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. b. (3 pts) Which process(es) below does dimethylallyl pyrophosphate participate in? a. b. c. d. ~ Gluconeogenesis Ketone body synthesis Citric acid cycle . Fatty Acid synthesis Cholesterol synthesis a (2 pts) Which enzyme would you use to add a phosphate group to the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase b to form glycogen phosphorylase· a • ,.I?J.~t~OW~ ~~~~~ph;j._. a. Phosphoprotein phosphatase b. Glycogen synthase @Phosphorylase kinase. d. Phosphoryl dehydrogenase 11. b. (5 pts) Circle all that is true about the event in ~ a. 0his is a Covalent modification of an enzyme This is an Allosteric modification of an enzyme The glycogen phosphorylase enzyme is deactivated in this process0\.TP is involved in this process O'his is an example of a "Kinase Cascade" This is considered B oxidation 12. lS (3 pts) Which molecule(s) would be transported by a Lipoprotein: a. Acety-CoA (!Y Cholesterol esters c. Glycogen d. Isoprene pyrophosphate {eJTriacylglycerols 'T. Glucose-6-phosphate Q...c.t,ve;W Use the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis chart below to answer 13-14 13. (2 pts) Which steps below (steps 1-9) would have a large -11 Gvalue? l, '>," 14 (4 pts) Circle what is true about fructose 2,6 bisphospate (F2,6P), an allosteric inhibitor of Fructose bisphosphatase (step 3) a. b. (];) d. F2,6P will stimulate production of Fructose-6-phosphate. Glucagon stimulates production of F2,6P · Insulin stimulates production of F2,6P F2,6P promotes/activates gluconeogenesis. (!) F2,6P is an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase Glucose gluco!~~ }:hex=ase phosphatase ADP H20 Glucose-6-phosphate 1~ phosphoglucose isomerase P;F;:(:ructose-6-p~hosphat:TP fructose bis-_ Y:? \J phosphofructokinase phosphatase r '-"1 ~Step 1 ~Step 2 ~Step 3 ~Step 4 ~Step 5 ~Step 6 ~Step 7 ~Step 8 ~Step 9 H20 ADP Fructos.1,6-blsphosphate 1~ aldolase . . triose phosphate Dihydroxyacetone isomerase ,_ Glyceraldehyde-3phosphate phosphate Pi+ NAD+=l~ly:~~::~e-l-phosphate NADH + H+ dehydrogenase NADH + ~ 1,3-Bisph~~t,cerate ADP r;ADP osphoglycerate ase ATP ATP 3-Phosphoglycerate 1~phosphoglycerate mutase 2-Phosphoglycerate 1~enolase C02 + GD~~~sphoenolpyruvate ~;;c!..{ Oxaloacetate ~ADP pyruvate kinase Pi+ADP~ pyruvate P.yruvate ATP carboxylase ATP+C02 o 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 15 or 16 below (5 pts) (your choice on which to answer-only answer one) 15. In case study 25 on glycogen storage disease, Alex has a deficiency in the enzyme Muscle phosphorlase a which lead to high levels of glycogen. What would your conclusion be if Alex's results shown elevated levels of glycogen as well as g lucose-6phosphate (instead of elevated levels of glycogen and an absence of G6P as in our original case study). Alex still has muscle cramps and cannot perform strenuous exercises. Liver function also appeared normal. Explain your reasoning behind your answer 16. In case study 23 you studied the effect of the UCP 1 protein. Briefly describe and how this protein 'uncouples' oxidative phosphorylation (ATP synthesis) from the electron transport chain? 1-'lPs.a..~ '6 pah£'1"1-t r"'~\r-.i:t "(I (;(,P lnollo..,'tl s+11l IS nt> f 11b£L C.l'lC.Of"" :tS pho-.phot3/,.~ 1~ fv.h c.hi-Mf ff"'~~· 1 \tl\tl c;e:,p ,.., ""1' /:lR.tn). pr,~ h<iTb..- qf -fkt_ "b!Ar'l"' 1fd1 ,t) tv'IIAStW. G;t':Jl6la1i,s . :, ~ G'Jrohe fY'I,.._.,+/-r.Mhh.•1"'Poss;h~ PF;.. W I ~ pt~>h·nS pass -fhrol-\.1h.. +~ t-nltoc.t.m:ln~ / lnt1r1br-~t'\....L--' C.l"\ ll ~c.t. ttutf6d 4 p-rotH" ~ r4tA.1t.l'\+ fh,.t -1k- E-re...- htts b~,lcl- 'f' ~ · Protl'l"l ~n;~lt..,f lS -tlu...-. ~NhJif ~fo drn.~..L AI'P S'1nf'J,ttJ..,c.......-. l.v 1 ~ cn...t' lJC..f>-\ V...nll ~ GIAohetl-T ATP CAn"ot ouv1...t,. :'S"J"thA~ c:..q.,"'u1' ~.uo,k. "'"'J 6-J.\J..D)-hV\.L pl1ospl,ov1/4-hilv {A-rP \ btn&~etl~ 17. For the reaction sequence below answer a-b 0 0 + HSCoA SCoA ! kotoacyl-CoA tlriolamo (KT) 0 SCoA +~ CH3 · SCoA a. (3 pts) What process is this from: a. Glycolysis b. Cholesterol synthesis c. . Fatty acid biosynthesis 0;> B-oxidation of fatty acid last stJ e. Gluconeogenesis b. Extra credit (4 pts) Draw the Arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction above. Extra Credit (1-4 pts). Was there a topic/process that was in the study guide but not covered in this exam that you were prepared for? Elaborate on this topic for extra points. lv~c>1 I l"l md (.,As 'Yl Jr.l·h~~ sc_~ooJ. ""T'"lt. P...t!A-re..- h trWt.ttoiVYl 6. Pullrt\~arv tJ.JA. OtV lvFL. G~,.-f J4)hl'\ 'ilw1/,~ rlc..'j , Ju a"'d d ~~ ~u~ N4~/ Cai'Y\.t Cf1..a.11. fo r"'J ho~U-- to pJ( b{Jf:s4-lbe~O ada1ns+ m'1~ t:tl'\d (J Pt~.v..A.... -~ c.nJ ~ He.(J"~.,) Lue.s Jus+ Ct.S 'I""'~ 6 1Jer ~r~>1-/,er fogsfc..t-fba/1 pla'f'1-u tbd-fl:,afl pl4 'jd lU Sc..oif Ct~rnpl.t:t~~ wht>Ornp.RI4l4r kl41f~. --r4'1 e~ b..R~~tf tiS ~a('lt'Jj S'ho-t<J C\S fu~ Q I.AJer..t_ ~ -.fh..L t'i ~~ lv4d- ,o ..L a j (/ I . (/ ,.. M'1 ~ a. a ra u.-- o& t~ tutn~J