Download EXAM 1 KEY

Chemistry 256
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Name
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Mid-quarter exam 1-(80 pts)
1.
(3 pts) Which of the following processes is stimulated by glucagon?
L$brvc~~+tW\-"' iUl.ftt<i...e. '/ULO~,L.-/e;Jv-,Jr
a. Glucose uptake in muscle
®Release of cAMP in the liver
c. Glycolysis
(g)Activation of Lipase in adipose tissue
d. Activation of glycogen synthase in liver
@Gluconeogenesis .
(3 pts) Which .of the following statements about Na+-K+ ATPase transport system are
true?
2.
a. Is considered a carrier ionophore.
b. Is a symport system.
G Requires phosphorylation by ATP .
Considered an 'antipoort system. :ci=
Transports 3 Na+ ions for every 2 K+ions.
Is considered an active transport system. -~s
~
5'f
3. (3 pts) When Fatty acids are oxidized they are broken down by _-carbon units, and
produce
and the end of 1 oxidation cycle.
a. 4, glycogen
b. 3, Acetyl-CoA
c. 2, pyruvate
d. 4, oxaloacetate
~ 2, Acetyl-CoA
4. (2 pts) Which enzyme catalyzes the biosynthesis of fatty acids?
a. b-ketothiolase
b. Lipase
c. HMG-CoA reductase
d. Glylcerol Phosphatase
@ Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
s. (4 pts) Draw an example of a glycerophospholipid that contains unsaturation at
carbon 9 (position L\9).
"
~~
1\
CH 2-o-c
I
~/
P.
C~o~-o- c ·~__,__. . . . . . . .
I
CH.z.. -o-
R
G
p-o
\e
0
~ ~/H
6. (26 pts ) For the metabolic overview shown below answer the following
I
A
BB
I
c.-
f,l~t.O~
~~tou f\..~>os~\-..d,
Glucose-6- phosphate
''~•n<'ft4~.
II
>I
3
'8' g~,,. . ,. ,
Pyruvate
Ribose-5-phosphate
I
I
~ t:.\o'''f''+\...ts•.S
t
I cholesterol I ¢:o
'f.,.•o..c.J., ,\..,uro\
c:=:L) IFatty Acids I
¢o
B
I
I
c
'-e..,.>e!A+J""
Citric acid Cycle
What is process 4 called?
C\vtol\..L~4.~.S\.~
What is process 8 called?
$- oj.,a~nl.-Yl
What is process 3 called?
1
FA
fe;Jov.- f~-t~"fh~
rc.+hwAf'
What process(s) (1-10) is/are activated by Lipase
lO
('fAG~ F'll)
What process(s) (1-10) involves the enzyme HMG CoA reductase? __(.._ __
What compound is B
~ a+i-Lo A
What compound is A
What process(s) (1-10) are considered Anabolic? ·4
l • t.t 17,
~B'vd•(·"'S '1> /s~Jn#.IJJj t
1.t, lct~'p-. rn~>LLL~o.itJ
~ .3, ~
What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)?
What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3
__
~~\
What process(s) (1-10) involve the oxonium ion intermediate Ho
\.. II'\
Ho~?
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C.l~£~'1
l, 'V
bwt't;{ -1.an~ ·
.
~ ,.ic.A I) lvv)
7· Below is a curve show lipid bilayer fluidity of species that exist at moderate
temperatures. The x-axis is temperature in C and they-axis is degree of fluidity (higher
value means the membrane is more fluid).
I
0.121
0.11
0.8l
0.61
0.4l
-------:---------:------=---
o.2
-.__I
-I
2
I
I
I
~--~-
4
6
8
10
12
a. (2 pts) Sketch a new curve on this graph showing fluidity for a bilayer (membrane) of
the cold water Antarctic icefish :
b. (3 pts) State 2 possible differences about the icefish bilayer make-up as compared
with the 'moderate' temperature species.
- S\-\oltor al~"'-l- e~cuos
·
- i'Y'rn..(_... liiOS#\t-.\r"'-4d {Jo~bl(,bhl~isJ
_
tr\~ c~o\..tJ ~J.--rc.l
.,
t..l'riWAJ
8. (2 pts) What is the fate of Ketone bodies once they reach peripheral tissue?
a. Stimulates Glucose uptake into the liver
b. Bundled into a Lipoprotein
c. Are converted to Pyruvate
@Are converted to Acetyl-CoA.
e. Takes part in B oxidation
9. (2 pts) Which compound(s) would most likely be an allosteric inhibitor of the enzyme
glycogen synthase. - Pro..tl.\.a~ Gl'1L.~ c...~t-..
blt.t.£.6U- c.vhc.n ..1-nerSJ /'1-Llds ~net
·
'""'·b•t6.,... lv•ll tllir"l .u!J..
~ Glucose
'V
W· AMP- P~~ ,.( u~J -4-rP ( #J~~tv lc.t.~ AiR rv..uJ WI~
c.ATP
d. Insulin
"'s
J
10 a. (3 pts) Draw the carbocation that would be produced by dimethylallyl
pyrophosphate.
~;--~-0-~-~
I
0
e
I
0
e
Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate.
b. (3 pts) Which process(es) below does dimethylallyl pyrophosphate participate in?
a.
b.
c.
d.
~
Gluconeogenesis
Ketone body synthesis
Citric acid cycle .
Fatty Acid synthesis
Cholesterol synthesis
a (2 pts) Which enzyme would you use to add a phosphate group to the enzyme
glycogen phosphorylase b to form glycogen phosphorylase· a
•
,.I?J.~t~OW~ ~~~~~ph;j._.
a. Phosphoprotein phosphatase
b. Glycogen synthase
@Phosphorylase kinase.
d. Phosphoryl dehydrogenase
11.
b. (5 pts) Circle all that is true about the event in ~ a.
0his is a Covalent modification of an enzyme
This is an Allosteric modification of an enzyme
The glycogen phosphorylase enzyme is deactivated in this process0\.TP is involved in this process
O'his is an example of a "Kinase Cascade"
This is considered B oxidation
12.
lS
(3 pts) Which molecule(s) would be transported by a Lipoprotein:
a. Acety-CoA
(!Y Cholesterol esters
c. Glycogen
d. Isoprene pyrophosphate
{eJTriacylglycerols
'T. Glucose-6-phosphate
Q...c.t,ve;W
Use the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis chart below to answer 13-14
13. (2 pts) Which steps below (steps 1-9) would have a large -11 Gvalue? l, '>,"
14 (4 pts) Circle what is true about fructose 2,6 bisphospate (F2,6P), an allosteric
inhibitor of Fructose bisphosphatase (step 3)
a.
b.
(];)
d.
F2,6P will stimulate production of Fructose-6-phosphate.
Glucagon stimulates production of F2,6P ·
Insulin stimulates production of F2,6P
F2,6P promotes/activates gluconeogenesis.
(!) F2,6P is an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase
Glucose
gluco!~~
}:hex=ase
phosphatase
ADP
H20
Glucose-6-phosphate
1~
phosphoglucose isomerase
P;F;:(:ructose-6-p~hosphat:TP
fructose bis-_ Y:? \J phosphofructokinase
phosphatase
r '-"1
~Step
1
~Step
2
~Step
3
~Step
4
~Step
5
~Step
6
~Step
7
~Step
8
~Step
9
H20
ADP
Fructos.1,6-blsphosphate
1~ aldolase
. .
triose phosphate
Dihydroxyacetone isomerase ,_ Glyceraldehyde-3phosphate
phosphate
Pi+
NAD+=l~ly:~~::~e-l-phosphate
NADH + H+
dehydrogenase
NADH + ~
1,3-Bisph~~t,cerate
ADP
r;ADP
osphoglycerate
ase
ATP
ATP
3-Phosphoglycerate
1~phosphoglycerate
mutase
2-Phosphoglycerate
1~enolase
C02 + GD~~~sphoenolpyruvate
~;;c!..{
Oxaloacetate
~ADP
pyruvate kinase
Pi+ADP~
pyruvate
P.yruvate
ATP
carboxylase
ATP+C02
o 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Answer 15 or 16 below (5 pts) (your choice on which to answer-only answer
one)
15. In case study 25 on glycogen storage disease, Alex has a deficiency in the enzyme
Muscle phosphorlase a which lead to high levels of glycogen. What would your
conclusion be if Alex's results shown elevated levels of glycogen as well as g lucose-6phosphate (instead of elevated levels of glycogen and an absence of G6P as in our
original case study). Alex still has muscle cramps and cannot perform strenuous
exercises. Liver function also appeared normal. Explain your reasoning behind your
answer
16. In case study 23 you studied the effect of the UCP 1 protein. Briefly describe and
how this protein 'uncouples' oxidative phosphorylation (ATP synthesis) from the
electron transport chain?
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r"'~\r-.i:t
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pho-.phot3/,.~ 1~ fv.h c.hi-Mf ff"'~~·
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tv'IIAStW.
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.
:, ~ G'Jrohe
fY'I,.._.,+/-r.Mhh.•1"'Poss;h~ PF;..
W
I
~ pt~>h·nS pass -fhrol-\.1h.. +~ t-nltoc.t.m:ln~ / lnt1r1br-~t'\....L--' C.l"\ ll
~c.t. ttutf6d 4
p-rotH" ~ r4tA.1t.l'\+ fh,.t -1k- E-re...- htts b~,lcl- 'f' ~
· Protl'l"l ~n;~lt..,f lS -tlu...-. ~NhJif ~fo drn.~..L AI'P S'1nf'J,ttJ..,c.......-. l.v 1 ~ cn...t'
lJC..f>-\
V...nll
~ GIAohetl-T
ATP
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:'S"J"thA~
c:..q.,"'u1'
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6-J.\J..D)-hV\.L
pl1ospl,ov1/4-hilv {A-rP \
btn&~etl~
17. For the reaction sequence below answer a-b
0
0
+
HSCoA
SCoA
!
kotoacyl-CoA tlriolamo (KT)
0
SCoA
+~
CH3
·
SCoA
a. (3 pts) What process is this from:
a. Glycolysis
b. Cholesterol synthesis
c. . Fatty acid biosynthesis
0;> B-oxidation of fatty acid last stJ
e. Gluconeogenesis
b. Extra credit (4 pts) Draw the Arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction above.
Extra Credit (1-4 pts). Was there a topic/process that was in the study guide but not covered in
this exam that you were prepared for? Elaborate on this topic for extra points.
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