Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Classical Conditioning
Document related concepts
Observational methods in psychology wikipedia , lookup
Thin-slicing wikipedia , lookup
Neuroeconomics wikipedia , lookup
Theory of planned behavior wikipedia , lookup
Attribution (psychology) wikipedia , lookup
Psychophysics wikipedia , lookup
Sociobiology wikipedia , lookup
Insufficient justification wikipedia , lookup
Theory of reasoned action wikipedia , lookup
Applied behavior analysis wikipedia , lookup
Verbal Behavior wikipedia , lookup
Descriptive psychology wikipedia , lookup
Adherence management coaching wikipedia , lookup
Learning theory (education) wikipedia , lookup
Social cognitive theory wikipedia , lookup
Behavior analysis of child development wikipedia , lookup
Behaviorism wikipedia , lookup
Psychological behaviorism wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Classical Conditioning + Intro to Operant Conditioning Learning Unit Mrs. Craig Conditioning= Learning Means the same as Learning How do we know learning has taken place???? Learning is a permanent change in behavior Ivan Pavlov- Russian scientist 1900’s First to discover classical conditioning Experimented with dog’s digestive system Famous experiment Discovered a neutral stimulus (bell, footsteps) could be taught to dog to create salivation Normally food creates salivation. First discovery on how learning occurs Classical Conditioning Most primitive learning Starts with something that is born in the organism—UCS UCS= unconditioned (unlearned) stimulus UCR= unconditioned (unlearned) response NS= neutral stimulus (no connection to UCS) the NS becomes the CS over time CS= conditioned (learned) stimulus CR= conditioned (learned) response Pavlov’s Formula for CC UCS to UCR (food to salivation) NS + UCS to UCR (bell+food to salivation) or “learning by association” CS to CR!!! (bell to salivation) Learning has occurred!!! John B Watson Baby Albert Experiment Uses classical conditioning to teach fear Discrimination- fear of a specific stimulus Generalization- fear of a general rather than a specific stimulus Experiment with Baby Albert considered unethical today. WHY?? Review of Classical Conditioning Starts with an unlearned relationship (UCS to UCR) NS paired with UCS over time Learning takes place when the CR is triggered by the CS (the original NS). Humans have very few inborn unlearned relationships sooo……very few classical conditioning learning opportunities.!!! OPERANT CONDITIONING Another form of learning Called S-R-R theory S= Stimulus R= Response R(2nd one)= Reinforcement Classical Conditioning does NOT use reinforcement at all!!!!! REINFORCEMENT ALWAYS increases a behavior happening again!!! Positive Reinforcement= praise/feels good Negative reinforcement= avoid something to increase a behavior “proactive” Punishment decreases a behavior Happens after a Behavior occurs “reactive” Primary & Secondary Reinforcement Primary are necessary ex. Food Secondary – can be turned into primary Ex. Money or grades Punishment – 2 types Undesirable event following the behavior A desirable event ends following the behavior 4 schedules of reinforcement Reinforcement that occurs after the next correct response are based on time and behavior Fixed and Variable Interval Fixed and Variable Ratio Interval means time Ratio means behavior Fixed Interval Reinforcement after a specific amount of time Variable Interval Requires a period of time before a reinforcement is given but the time is variable- you never know how quickly or how long it takes before receiving a reinforcement Example- pop quiz or a nibble/bite during fishing Fixed Ratio Reinforcement based on predetermined number of behaviors ( you know how many behavior you need to perform to receive your reward!) Variable Ratio Must perform undetermined number of behavior before getting reward.( could be one or many more!) very strong motivator could be addictive!
