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Philippines Plans, Information and
Capacity Building Needs
for the
Second National Communication to
the
UNFCCC
Presented by
Joyceline A. Goco
Environmental Management Bureau
Presented at the
Second AIACC Regional Workshop for Asia and Pacific Islands
2 November 2004, Traders Hotel
Milestones so far …
 The Philippines signed the Convention on June 12, 1992
 The Philippines ratified the Convention on August 2, 1994
 The Philippines signed the Kyoto Protocol on April 15, 1998
 The Philippines ratified the Kyoto Protocol on November 20,
2003
 The Philippines submitted its Initial National Communication on
Climate Change to the UNFCCC Secretariat on May 19, 2000
 The Philippines conducted two GHG inventories using 1990 and
1994 base years
Experiences from the
First National
Communication
 GHG Inventory
For the following gases:
Included five sectors:
Energy
Agriculture
Industry
Land Use Change/Forestry
Wastes
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Nitrogen Oxide (NOx)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Other volatile hydrocarbons (NMVOC)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
Application of inventory procedures set by the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
IPCC provided activity data and
default emission factors for the
various sectors of concern
Philippine GHG Inventory used local
values in place of these data whenever
possible (e.g., fuel classification and
local values on biomass growth rates,
densities and carbon content)
Emissions could not be estimated for lack of appropriate data (e.g., waste and
forestry sectors)
 Climate Change Scenarios
 General Circulation Models selected and used for the analysis of future
climate scenarios in V&A Assessments
GCM Selection Process
Existing estimates of precipitation and temperature under 1 x CO2 (present
condition) compared with existing climatic normal
Comparisons based on large-scale temporal and spatial distribution of
precipitation and temperature
Spatial and temporal variations in temperature and rainfall due to the
doubling of CO2 derived using simulation results of four GCMs:




Canadian Climate Center Model (CCCM)
United Kingdom Meteorological Office Model (UKMO)
Geophysical Fluids Dynamic Laboratory Model (GFDL)
Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Model
– for the agricultural sector
 Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments
Five economic
sectors included in
the V&A
Assessments
Agriculture
Water resources
Coastal resources
Human health
Forestry
Observation: studies
were limited; pilot areas
and results need to be
validated
Recommendation:
undertake more V&A
studies
Adaptation measures and strategies initially identified based on V&A
assessments and various sectoral consultations. Non-prioritization of issues
led to non-verification of viabilities
 Public Awareness
Conduct of public awareness activities [FGDs, symposia, consultation and
workshops, exhibits, publication and dissemination of poster calendar(s)] on
climate change and global warming for the government, NGOs, private sector
and academe
Preparation of the National Action Plan (NAP) on Climate Change
Promotion of energy efficiency and conservation as GHG mitigation measure
undertaken by the national government through the Department of Energy
Establishment of the Climate Change Information Center (CCIC) tasked to
receive international information on climate change and climate-friendly
technologies and to systematically disseminate to local stakeholders
“Local Action Planning on Climate Change” organized under the Enabling
Activity Project and implemented by the Institute of Climate, Energy and
Environment (ICEE) in selected provinces faced with potential high risk from
climate change impacts and sea level rise to create awareness and provide
necessary guidance in the formulation of local action plans on climate
change
 Institutional Arrangements
Establishment of the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC) in
1991 by virtue of EO 220 consisting of fifteen agencies from the government
and NGOs tasked to:
• Coordinate various climate change related activities;
• Assist the Philippine delegation to the UNFCCC in drafting country
position(s);
• Review and propose climate change policies; and
• Review projects aimed to reduce GHG emissions
Convergence between the objectives and national priorities on sustainable
development and responsible climate change policy as manifested in the
integration of climate change policies and programs into the Medium-Term
Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) and the Philippine Agenda 21 (the
country’s blueprint for sustainable development in the 21st century)
Implementation of an interim project with funding assistance from the GEF
through the UNDP to strengthen the country’s capacity to comply with
international commitments assumed under the Convention and to enable the
preparation of its subsequent national communications
PLANS
Self-Assessment for the Preparation
and Submission of a
Project Proposal
for the
Philippines Second National
Communication to the UNFCCC
 Objectives
 Conduct of a self-assessment for activities completed or under preparation
relevant to the Second National Communication
 Identification of gaps through consultation with stakeholders
 Activities
Stocktaking Phase
 Review and synthesis of work carried out under previous climate change
enabling activities
 Evaluation of issues and experiences under the CCEAP
 Identification of new areas of work
 Prioritization of activities for the SNC
Stakeholder Consultation Phase
 Validate the stocktaking exercise and national priorities to be addressed in
the SNC
 Get consensus among the stakeholders on the institutional arrangements
proposed in the preparation of the SNC
 Clarify the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders that will be involved
in the process
Second National
Communication
Activities
 Improving the National GHG Emissions Inventory on Emissions
and Sinks
 New calculation of net GHG emissions using the reference year nearest to the
preparation of the National Communication, using emission factors developed
from local data consisting of national activities from the sectors of Energy,
Agriculture, Industry, Land Use Change/Forestry and Wastes emitting or
absorbing CO2, CH4, N2O, NOx, CO, NMVOC and SO2
 Review and study of the latest IPCC methodology in force for the preparation
of inventories
 Organization of the tasks of data collection and validation
 Collection of national data corresponding to the sectors of energy, agriculture,
industry, land use change/forestry, and waste management
 Gathering, validating, entering and elaborating of data through the use of
electronic tables standardized by the IPCC
 Improvement of locally-derived emission factors
 Analysis of sectoral results in reference to those previously obtained (NGHGI
90 and NGNGI 94)
 Elaboration of summary tables and auxiliary tables in IPCC formats
 Steps to respond to the UNFCCC
 Inter-institutional and inter-sectoral activities requiring joint management and
coordination will be undertaken
Planning process will be strengthened by:
 Finding ways to incorporate climate change concerns
 Identifying feasible sectoral and cross-sectoral measures
 Selecting measures and strategies from within these options
 Assessing institutional strengthening needed for a national program of
voluntary commitments
 Preparation of a summary report on these general steps being taken to
implement the Convention
 Planning for Adaptation Stage I / Stage II
 Application of existing framework to demonstrate how policy for adaptation
can be integrated into national sustainable development for four human
systems: coastal resources, water resources, agriculture and human health
 Where Stage I will consist of vulnerability and adaptation assessments of the
Philippines’ INC and will develop capacity to move onto Stage III which is
Adaptation and build capacities of local and national key stakeholders to
undertake the following activities:
 Assessment of vulnerability to current climate variations for a priority system
 Assessment of vulnerability to future climate for a priority system
 Improved knowledge of current and future vulnerability shared and disseminated
widely
 Adaptation strategy identified, with no innovative policies and measures evaluated
and prioritized for each priority system
 National plan developed to prepare for and to incorporate adaptation into
development
 Improved knowledge of national plan for adaptation shared and disseminated widely
 Monitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of adaptation
policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of stakeholders to be developed
as part of the methodology
 Capacity building on Technology Transfer
 Needs assessment for both adaptation and mitigation technologies and
methodologies and identification of opportunities to develop and transfer
these technologies
 Evaluate technological options and recommend priorities, in the light of the
adaptation and mitigation options
 Identify barriers to the development and transfer of technologies
 Identify practical steps to be undertaken to remove the barriers
 Evaluate the linkages and contribution of these technologies to cost-effective
adaptation and abatement within national development goals
 Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology transfer
 Train key personnel in techniques to evaluate climate friendly technologies and their
use in the Philippines and develop strategies that assist in early adoption
 Develop a forum for abatement and adaptation discussions and provide support and
access to technology options
 Capacity building to assess technology needs, modalities to acquire and absorb,
design, evaluate and host projects
 Capacity building for participation in systematic observation
networks
 Prepare a specific national plan describing the state of the national program
on systematic observation to satisfy meteorological and hydrological
observation needs in the climate system (Program of GCOS and Article 5 of
the Convention)
 Describe actual and planned activities for strengthening the gathering,
exchange and use of data including specific steps to eliminate internal
barriers to such exchange with the purpose of satisfying local, regional and
international needs to:
 Enhance capacity for climate/weather data management, analysis and applications
 Improve recovery and archiving of historical data
 Develop/maintain electronic linkages for sharing/exchange of data for local,
regional and international use
 Public awareness and education
Climate change awareness raising through the education system
Long-term program playing a key role in the
Development of an informed public and wider scope of information
disseminated
Measure to develop capacity for the
Furtherance in the implementation of education, training and public
awareness (Art. 6 of the UNFCCC)
Information and
Capacity Building Needs
 GHG Emissions Inventory
 Development of local emission factors
 Data collection, analysis and archiving
 Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
 Vulnerability assessments including scoping, modeling, analysis, method
selection and reporting system
 Identification of risks associated with climate change in relation to extremes
and variability
 Monitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of adaptation
policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of stakeholders
 Identification and promotion of traditional knowledge, skills and practice
which enhance adaptation
 Technology Transfer
 Assessment of technology needs, modalities to acquire, absorb, design
evaluate and host projects
 Evaluation of technological options and priorities
 Identification of barriers to the development and transfer of technologies
 Identification of practical steps to be undertaken to remove the barriers
 Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology transfer
 Research and Systematic Observation
 Enhance capacity for climate / weather data management, analysis and
applications
 Improve recovery and archiving of historical data
 Develop / maintain electronic linkages for sharing / exchange of data for
local, regional and international users
 Public Awareness and Education
 Development of a long-term public awareness program on climate change
and related information through the education system
 Development and production of information, education and communication
materials
Thank you and good day!
Joyceline A. Goco
Environmental Management Bureau
DENR Compound, Visayas Ave., QC
Tel. No.: (+632) 920-2251
Fax No. : (+632) 920-2251
Email: [email protected]