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Enhancing Developing Country Participation in Climate Actions Noeleen Heyzer Executive Secretary, ESCAP Side Event of Regional Commissions 12 December 2007, Bali Asia & the Pacific Urgent Challenge: To motivate proactive developing country actions on climate change Increasing share in climate change Highest level of vulnerability to extreme meteorological events Growth without negative impact on climate change: Home to 2/3 of the world’s poor & 800 million people without access to electricity Create virtuous cycle: climate action supporting energy security & economic growth Shift from “Quantity” to “Quality” of Growth -- for compatibility with climate action Internalize ecological cost of climate change into energy & resource market prices Improve ecological efficiency of economic performance in production & consumption (ESCAP “Green Growth” approach) Turn climate crisis into an opportunity for energy security & economic growth Expand opportunities for voluntary participation Imposing quantitative targets on developing countries: scientifically & politically challenging Limit & reduce GHG emissions & engage market dynamism in promoting climate actions Provide incentives for voluntary actions on energy efficiency as climate actions Expand opportunities for voluntary participation Imposing quantitative targets on developing countries: scientifically & politically challenging (contd.) Promote voluntary actions of sub-state actors & non-state actors Strengthen financial mechanism to assist climate actions & enhance private sector role in financial flows Reformed CDM: an incentive mechanism Compliance Scheme for Annex I Reformed CDM: a full-scale market mechanism Generating developing country GHG emission reductions without imposing targets Meeting the needs of non-Annex I countries (broad spectrum) Providing incentives for non-Annex I participation in climate action Contributing to net global GHG reduction by discounting CER (Certified Emission Reductions) Make global economic system supportive of developing country efforts Take different approaches to different types of technology to enhance technology transfer: non-patented technology, publicly-owned or funded technology, patented technology For publicly-owned or funded technology: encourage developed country governments to influence special licensing arrangements for accelerating their dissemination Develop global trade, investment & IPR regimes conducive to sustainable development in developing countries Thank you ~ please visit www.unescap.org