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Genetic Counseling Making a Pedigree By Diana L. Duckworth Rustburg High School Campbell County Pedigree Female with trait Male with trait Normal female Normal male Mating (marriage?) Children, birth order left to right Example Now do your own pedigree, showing those with whom you share genetic material. Sex Linked Gene • The y chromosome has very few genes • Any gene on the X chromosome is sex linked • If the phenotype is found predominantly in males, then it is sex linked • If recessive, female must be homozygous to express the gene • Any male possessing the allele will have the phenotype • Example: albinism & hemophelia Genetic Disease • Sickle Cell Anemia – abnormal hemoglobin molecules; 1/500 African Americans; recessive • Hypercholesterolemia – abnormal receptor for cholesterol; dominant; 1/500 • Tay-Sachs – defective brain enzyme; recessive; 1/3500 in Ashkenazi Jews (children) • Cystic Fibrosis – recessive; defective chloride ion transport protein; 1/2500 Caucasians • Hemophilia – sex-linked recessive; blood clotting factor defective; 1/10000 • Huntington’s Disease – inhibitor of brain cell metabolism; (middle age); dominant; 1/10,000