Download Genetic Engineering - Effingham County Schools

Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering
aka
.. Genetic Modification
Make changes in DNA code by Insert or delete
specific genes
 Use modern molecular biology techniques.

1) Recombinant DNA

Aka .. Gene Splicing

made by combining DNA from > 1 source
(often from very different species)
2) Gel electrophoresis



An electric current
smaller fragments faster
larger ones – slower
DNA fragments
move to
positive end
+
-
A
B
DNA on
murder
weapon
3)Transgenic organisms
carries a foreign gene, deliberately inserted into its genome.

transgenic animal


Mice--- so immune sys
more like humans- can
study ‘em
Livestock --- leaner meat

transgenic plant


Soybeans/corn/crops --- to
produce nat insecticiside so
don’t have to be sprayed
Also:




Improved Nutritional
Quality
Insect Resistance
Disease Resistance
Drought Tolerance
SMART
4) Cloning
Clone --- genetically identical
copy
replacing the nucleus of an unfertilized ovum with the
nucleus of a body cell from the organism.
first adult mammal cloned
was Dolly in 1997
SMART
Come back!!!!
5) DNA Fingerprinting


Compare genetic similarities/differences b/w individuals.
often used to ID source of blood / tissue found at crime
scenes.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
6) Gene Therapy


the insertion of normal or genetically altered genes into cells
usually to replace defective genes (cancer & genetic disorders)
Eye cancer
SMART
My lab experience…….
SMART
Come back!!!!