Download Ch 20- Mini Clicker Review Qs

Ch 20 Mini-Review
Vocabulary terms- FYI
Gene expression refers to the transcription and translation of
a gene or set of genes.
Gene regulation refers to the control of gene expression.
Hybridization is the process by which two complementary
strands of nucleic acid base pair to one another to form a
duplex. If two strands of nucleic acid are not
complementary, they will not hybridize to form a duplex.
Gene knockouts are experiments in which a gene is deleted
from the genome of an organism. Knockouts are used to gain
information about the function of a gene.
Why is this a restriction enzyme site?
1. Restriction enzymes bind to
special hydrogen bond sites
2. Restriction enzymes cut at GAATTC
3. Restriction enzymes cut at CTTAAG
4. Restriction enzymes recognize specific reverse order
sequences
What are “sticky ends?”
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pieces of DNA that are run through a gel in order to give a
unique banding pattern
Single-stranded DNA ends that are available to hydrogen bond
to a complimentary single strand
DNA bases that are added to a PCR machine so that multiple
exact copies of a DNA sequence can be produced
Segments of DNA that act as a probe in order to diagnose a
genetic condition
What is this called?
1.
2.
3.
4.
RFLP (restriction length polymorphism)
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
Clone
Recombinant DNA
plasmid
Human gene
What is the purpose of PCR?
1.
2.
3.
4.
To make billions of identical copies of a specific DNA segment
To separate out DNA segments by size
To help make medical products such as insulin
To help cure diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis
Why does PCR lead to a specific DNA segment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
PCR always leads to the same DNA sequence
DNA replication makes identical copies of itself
The primers are made to bracket a certain nucleotide sequence
All of the above are true
In order to run a PCR’d sample of DNA through a
gel, what must be done to the DNA first?
1.
2.
3.
4.
It must be heat-treated.
It must be cut with restriction enzymes (endonucleases)
It must be stained.
Both 1 & 2
What is the basis for DNA movement in gel electrophoresis?
1. DNA has a (+) charge so it moves towards a (-) electrical
terminal
2. DNA has a (+) charge so it moves towards a (+) electrical
terminal
3. DNA has a (-) charge so it moves towards a (+) electrical
terminal
4. DNA has a (-) charge so it moves towards a (-) electrical
terminal
Which fragment of DNA is the smallest in this gel picture?
A
1. A
B
2. B
3. C
C
4. D
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the first step in making single-stranded cDNA?
Use Reverse transcriptase
Use DNA polymerase
Wash over microarray
Isolate mRNA
Cells extracted from a man with prostate cancer were made
with yellow fluorescing nucleotides & cells extracted from a
man without prostate cancer were made with blue fluorescing
nucleotides. Green indicates both yellow & blue. Which
gene(s) exhibit no gene expression?
1. 1, 3
2.
3.
4.
2, 5, 9, 10
4, 7
6, 8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
If can’t see the color:
1: bright yellow
2: clear
3: light yellow
4: green
5: clear
6: blue
7: green
8: blue
9: clear
10: clear
Yellow: from cancer cell; Blue: cell w/o cancer
Which gene(s) exhibit a mutation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1, 3
6, 8
1, 3, 6, 8
4, 7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
If can’t see the color:
1: bright yellow
2: clear
3: light yellow
4: green
5: clear
6: blue
7: green
8: blue
9: clear
10: clear
Which gene has a higher level of expression, 1 or 3?
1.
2.
3.
1
3
Both are the same
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
If can’t see the color:
1: bright yellow
2: clear
3: light yellow
4: green
5: clear
6: blue
7: green
8: blue
9: clear
10: clear
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Which of the following is NOT an application of
biotechnology?
Agricultural products such as transgenic rice making betacarotene
Pharmaceutical products such as insulin
Environmental uses; cleaning up oil spills
Medical uses; to help parents have children with specific
traits
Medical uses; to help diagnose some diseases
Which of the following can be a
biotechnology vector?
A. Plasmid
B. Virus
C. E. coli
D. A and B
E. A, B, & C
What is a DNA fingerprint?
A. All of a person’s DNA cut in to different size
fragments & run through a gel
B. Many (6-8) segments of a person’s DNA cut in
to different size fragments & run through a gel
C. 1 segment of a person’s DNA cut in to different
size fragments & run through a gel
D. 1 entire chromosome cut in to different size
fragments & run through a gel
Is either of these men the father
of the child? (Focus on just mother, child,
& alleged father)
A. A is the father
B. B is the father
C. Neither is the father
• List the steps of PCR.
• What does reverse transcriptase do?
• List 3 protein products produced by
pharmaceutical companies today.
• List 3 ways agriculture is using modern
day biotechnology.