Download Cells

Presented by Elhalabi
What are cells?
What is a cell?
 Where do we find cells?

 Cell: a cell is a basic unit of structure and
function of life. In other words, cells
make up living things and carry out
activities that keep a living thing alive.
Cells Continued
What makes a cell?
 A cell is a living thing.
 Cells are able to make more cells like
themselves.
 Interesting fact! New cells can only come from
existing cells (cells that are already made).

Oh yea! Some HISTORY for you
I am sure you are all asking yourselves, “Who
was the first person to look at cells.” Well
thanks for asking! I will tell you.
 In the 1660s there was a man named Robert
Hooke. Robert lived in Britain and was a
scientist. He was the first person to observe
cells.
 Robert took a piece bark from an old oak tree
and looked at it through a microscope.

Continued
The bark looked like it was made up of
many small rooms (kind of like a house
with many bedrooms). He named the
rooms, or structures, he saw under the
microscope cells.
 THIS IS HOW THE WORD CELLS
CAME TO BE!!
EXCITING STUFF ISN’T IT!!

The Animal Cell
Now the fun begins!!
 Animals are made up of many different
types of cells. The structures I am about
to introduce to you are found in a typical
cell.
 Please note: Not all animal cells contain
all the same structures.
 Thank you for noting!

Animal Cell terms/Structures
 Cell membrane: The cell
membrane surrounds the cell.
 Think of the membrane as a
gatekeeper, it only allows some
materials to pass through, but
keeps others out.
 Cytoplasm: This is a gellike fluid, that takes up most of
the space inside a cell.
 Cytoplasm kind of looks like
Terms/Structures continued
 Nucleus: The nucleus is a structure usually
located near the center of the cell.
 The nucleus is a home to the cell’s
chromosomes. What are chromosomes
you ask?
 Chromosomes: They are genetic
structures that contain information to make new
cells. Basically, the instructions for how to make
new cells.
Terms/Structures continued
 Nuclear membrane: This surrounds
and protects the nucleus. The nucleus has
its own protector.
 Nucleolus: This structure is found
inside the nucleus. It is responsible for
making ribosomes. We will get to this
term in a bit. Thanks for your patience!
Terms/Structures continued

Vacuoles:
These are fluid-filled structures
used to store different substances. In animal
cells there are often many small vacuoles.
 Mitochondria: “Powerhouses” of the

cell. What do you think this means?
This is a very important structure. They help
take the food the cell ate (for breakfast, lunch,
or dinner), and turn the it into energy. The
energy is needed to carry out activities.
Terms/Structures continued
Let me put this in words you can
understand better. When we eat a turkey
sandwich, we are putting energy into our
bodies, in the form of food. Our bodies
take that turkey sandwich and turn it into
energy, so we can play at recess.
 Do you understand?
 Great! Let’s keep going.

Terms/Structures continued
 Endoplasmic reticulum and
ribosomes: Say it with me “En-doplas-mic ri-tic-eww-lum.”
• Now say it 5 times fast….no just kidding!
• These 2 structures work together
producing important products for the cell.
Think of the endoplasmic reticulum as a
mailman, delivering things throughout the
cell.
Terms/Structures continued

Aren’t you excited, this is the last term for
the animal cell!
 Golgi bodies: These help package
products in the cell and then give them
out around the cell. Look at it like this,
you wrap a present and then give it to
your friend. Well, that is what golgi
bodies do.
The Plant Cell
Here we go again!
 Plants cells have all of the structures that
animal cells do. But they also have some
structures that the animal cell does not.
 Plant cells have a cell wall and
chloroplasts.

The three new structures for a plant cell
 Cell
Wall:
This wall provides extra support for the
cell and gives it a shape. In other words, if there was no
cell wall then the cell would have no shape.
 Chloroplasts: These make food for the plant.
They are green.
 Chorophyll: This is very important in making the
food for the plant. This structure takes in sunlight and
makes sugar for the plant to eat and become green.
THE END!!!
Thank you for your cooperation and
attention!!
 Hope you learned some new, exciting
things.
 Please sit quietly while I get ready for
more fun!
