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Transcript
Chapter 2 The Cell in Action 2-1 Exchange With the Environment Essential Questions Explain the process of diffusion. Describe how osmosis occurs. Compare active transport with passive transport. Explain how large particles get into and out of a cell. Science Terms Diffusion Osmosis Passive transport Active transport Endocytosis Exocytosis Exchange with the Environment: What would happen if your mom and dad did not bring home any more food and you couldn’t use the toilets or bring out the garbage? – You would run out of food and you would have way too much garbage around. What is Diffusion? Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. – What does this mean? This means that particles will move from where there are a lot of them and spread out as far as they can from each other. Does Diffusion use energy? NO! Diffusion of Water: What are cells mostly made of? – Water!!! Whenever you mix water with something else, Lower you _______________ the concentration of water. Diffusion of Water: The cell membrane has small holes called pores, and this makes the membrane… – Semi-permeable. What does it mean to be semi-permeable? – This means that SOME materials are let through the membrane while others are not! Osmosis What is it? – The diffusion (movement) of water across the cell membrane. Does osmosis use energy? – NO! Cells and Osmosis What is plasma mostly made of? – Water! Cells and Osmosis Why would a red blood cell burst if you put them into pure water? – The concentration of water outside the cell is higher than the concentration of water inside the cell. This means that… Water moves into the cell until it… – Bursts! Cells and Osmosis: Why do plants wilt if they don’t have enough water? – The vacuoles empty and cannot support the cell wall. This causes the plant to wilt! Add water and the vacuoles refill and cause the plant to become firm again. Moving Small Particles How are small particles such as sugars passed across the cell membrane? – Protein channels Passive Transport What is it? – Passive transport is moving substances across the… Cell membrane without the use of… – ENERGY Passive Transport Two examples of Passive Transport are… – – Diffusion Osmosis Does Passive Transport use energy? – NO!!! Active Transport What is it? – The movement of particles across the cell membrane WITH the use of ENERGY!!! Usually from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration. Does it use energy? – YES! Active Transport Moving Large Particles: What are the two types of movement of very large particles across the cell membrane? – – Endocytosis Exocytosis Endocytosis What is it? – What are the particles put inside of? – The process of bringing very large particles INTO the cell. A vesicle! Does endocytosis use energy? – YES! Exocytosis: What is it? – What are the particles put inside of? – The process of moving large particles out of a cell A vesicle (now a lysosome) Does exocytosis use energy? – YES!
