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Transcript
Chapter 7-1 Life is Cellular • The eukaryotic cell is much like a living version of a modern factory. • The specialized machines and assembly lines of the factory can be compared to the different organelles of the cell. • Cells, like factories, follow instructions and produce products. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular The Cell Theory These discoveries are summarized in the cell theory, a fundamental concept of biology. The cell theory states: -All living things are made up of cells. -Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. -New cells are produced from existing cells. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different? 1. Prokaryotic cells do not separate their genetic material within a nucleus. 2. In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus separates the genetic material from the rest of the cell. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Despite their size/appearance differences, all cells contain the molecule that carries biological information—DNA. In addition, all cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier called a cell membrane. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Cells fall into two broad categories, depending on whether they contain a nucleus. The nucleus is a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA. The nucleus controls the cell’s activities. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Eukaryotes are cells that enclose their DNA in a nucleus Prokaryotes are cells that do not enclose DNA in a nucleus Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Prokaryotes – Smaller – Simpler – Grow, reproduce, and respond to the environment, and some can even move by gliding along surfaces or swimming through liquids. The organisms we call bacteria are prokaryotes. Lesson Overview Life Is Cellular Eukaryotes – Larger – More complex – Contain organelles There are many types of eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi, and “protists.”
