Download Diatom Kingdom: Protist

Diatom
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
We have been studied since the late 1900’s, however
we became way more interesting as microscopes
improved. We are especially important in oceans,
where they are estimated to contribute up to 45% of
the total oceanic primary production
I’m closely related to:
Protists are divided into three groups depending
on how they get food and move. I am most like a
plant. Other plant-like protists include: algae,
dinoflagellates, and euglenoids.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
I make my own
food with a
process called
photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis
is a process
where we use
energy from the
sun to change
carbon dioxide
and water into
sugar (our food)
and oxygen.
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a flexible
cell membrane
like an animal
cell, but
outside of that
I also have a
thick structure
made of silica.
This cell wall is
really two silica
shell halves
that (kind of
like a clam
shell) This
structure helps
my cells keep
their shape,
provides
protection to
my cells, and
helps keep
water in.
Each of me
is so tiny you
can only see
me with a
microscope.
I live in
water and
only drift
where the
currents
take me. I
don’t get
any choice in
where I go.
This means
that I’m
called
plankton
(which
means
ocean
creature
that can’t
move).
I reproduce
by simply
splitting into
two new
cells (binary
fission).
The cell
splits so that
each new
cell gets half
of the cell
wall and
then makes
the other
half when
the division
is complete.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Cool Facts
•
There are more than 200 genera of living
diatoms, and it is estimated that there are
approximately 100,000 species currently found
on Earth.
•
Diatoms are used in toothpaste. They are very
fine abrasives . . . they help in the tooth
brushing process to remove plaque.
•
We take in about 20% of the world’s carbon
dioxide (that’s more than all the world’s
tropical rainforests).
Brown Algae
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
I live in the ocean or other water environments. I
stick to the bottom of the body of water, then
grow up toward the surface. I soak in sunlight for
my energy and can grow really big!
I’m closely related to:
Other “plant-like” protists like green and red algae,
and dinoflagelates.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
I soak up
energy from
the sun and
combine it
with carbon
dioxide and
water to
create sugar,
when I then
use to fuel
my cells.
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a
flexible cell
membrane
like an animal
cell, but
outside of
that I also
have a thick
structure.
This structure
helps my cells
keep their
shape,
provides
protection to
my cells, and
helps keep
water in.
I can be up
to 70 m tall,
you can
easily see
me with the
naked eye.
My cells are
organized
into tissues,
but all the
tissues are
pretty much
the same.
I send rootlike tendrils
into the
ground at
the bottom
of the body
of water
that I live in.
In one
generation I
only make
more cells
just like me,
but my kids
become
sperm or
egg cells.
Their kids
will have 2
set of genes
again. This
keeps
happening
every other
generation.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Cool Facts
•
Brown algae can form huge underwater forests
that are important habitats and food sources
for other organisms.
•
The largest brown algae can grow to be more
than 70 m tall!
•
I am dried and ground up to use in foods and
other products as well as fertilizer for crops.
•
Kelp is one of my most famous family
members.
Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
The outside of my cell is really hard, but I have one
or more whip-like tails (flagella) that allow me to
spin and move a little bit. Generally I get carried
around by the water though.
I’m closely related to:
Other “plant-like” protists like green, red, and
brown algae.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
Almost all of
my family
soak up
energy from
the sun and
combine it
with carbon
dioxide and
water to
create sugar,
when I then
use to fuel
my cells.
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a
flexible cell
membrane
like an animal
cell, but
outside of
that I also
have a thick
structure.
This structure
helps my cells
keep their
shape,
provides
protection to
my cells, and
helps keep
water in.
I am super
tiny and you
can’t see me
with the
naked eye.
The largest
of me is only
2mm across.
I have one
or more
whip-like
tails
(flagella)
that help
me to whip
around a
little bit,
but I’m not
stronger
than the
current, so
I get swept
along and
am
technically
plankton.
Usually I just
divide in half,
but in bad
conditions I’ll
join up with a
partner,
become one
big spiky blob,
hibernate for a
while, then
break into
pieces that are
new
dinoflagellates
with a mix of
genes.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it take
two?
Cool Facts
•
Some of my family members glow when
disturbed by mixing two chemicals inside their
body. You can see them at night behind
moving boats making the water light up.
•
One of my family members can reproduce so
much in the summer that we turn the water
red. It’s called a red tide.
•
With a red tide we give off a poison that huts
the nerves and brains of other living things
(including people if you eat a fish that ate us.
Euglenoid
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
I’m fun and baffling because I move like an animal,
detect light with an “eyespot” but make my own
food like a plant! I’m part of why protists need
their own kingdom!
I’m closely related to:
Both “plant-like” and “animal-like” protists. I make
classification really complicated.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
Almost all of
my family
soak up
energy from
the sun and
combine it
with carbon
dioxide and
water to
create sugar,
when I then
use to fuel
my cells.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Cool Facts
•
I have an eyespot which can tell how bright the
light is.
•
I have flagellas (whip-like tails) that allows me
to move around to places with more light.
•
I tend to live in freshwater like lakes and ponds,
but can be found in the ocean too.
•
Some of my species can eat tiny bacteria in
addition to making their own food.
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a
flexible cell
membrane
like an
animal cell.
I am super
tiny and you
can’t see me
with the
naked eye. I
look super
cool under a
microscope
though!
Look for my
eyespot.
I generally
have 2 whiplike tails
(flagella)
that help me
to wiggle
around.
I reproduce
by dividing
in half to
make two,
nearly
identical
Euglenas.
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Paramecium
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
I live in freshwater like ponds and lakes usually. I
use tiny hairs called cillia around my body to move
around. I also use it to push tiny bacteria into my
cell to eat them.
I’m closely related to:
Other “animal-like” protists like amoebas.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
I use my
cillia (tiny
hairs) to
push tiny
bacteria into
a groove in
the outside
of my cell
where I pull
it into the
cell and
digest it.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Cool Facts
•
I sometimes have more than one nucleus
(that’s like the brain or directions of the cell)
•
I have tiny vacuoles that allow me to squirt
water in and out of my cell.
•
I use my cillia (tiny hairs) to move around and
to push little bacteria into a groove in my cell
so that I can eat them.
•
Just one of me can eat up to 5,000 bacteria in a
day!
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a
flexible cell
membrane
like an
animal cell.
I am super
tiny and you
can’t see me
with the
naked eye. I
look super
cool under a
microscope
though! I
have been
dyed red to
be more
visible.
I use tiny
hairs called
cillia all over
my body to
push myself
through the
water.
I usually
reproduce by
myself, but I
can fuse with
another
paramecium
and mix up
out genes.
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Amoeba
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
I usually live in freshwater like lakes, ponds and
rivers, but sometimes live in the bodies of animals.
I eat most anything smaller than me such as
paramecia, bacteria or algae.
I’m closely related to:
Other “animal-like” protists like paramecia.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
I use my body
to create blob
like arms
called pseudo
pods (means
fake-foot) to
wrap around
the tiny
organisms like
bacteria that I
eat then pull
them into my
cell.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Cool Facts
•
I help people by eating algae and other
microorganisms in fresh water.
•
I can also hurt people by causing disease like
dysentery (causes deadly diarrhea).
•
My name is Greek and means “to change”
•
Some of my family cover their outside in sand
or a shell-like substance with a hole for pseudo
pods to come out.
•
In tough conditions I can curl into a ball and
hide out until things get better.
Does it have a
cell wall?
How many
cells is it made
of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
I have a
flexible cell
membrane
like an
animal cell.
I am super
tiny and you
can’t see me
with the
naked eye. I
look super
cool under a
microscope
though! Try
to find me
dyed a color
though since
I’m hard to
see when
I’m clear.
I use blob like
arms called
pseudopods
to move and
to wrap
myself
around my
food.
I usually
reproduce
by myself by
just growing
and then
dividing into
two
amoebas.
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Water Mold
Kingdom: Protist
An aquatic nymph being attacked by a water
mold (the white fury stuff on the outside).
Life Story: General Information
I am well known to people who have aquariums
because I attack fish, but even better known to
farmers for my ability to destroy crops.
How does it
get it’s food?
Type of cells:
Does it have a
cell wall?
I digest what I
live on
making me a
decomposer.
I take all of
my nutrients
from another
living thing.
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
My cells are
very like a
fungus
EXCEPT that
my cell wall
is made of a
different mix
of things
than a
fungus
(actually
closer to
plants).
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell wall?
I’m closely related to:
Other “fungus-like” protists like slime molds.
Cool Facts
•
One of my species attacked potatoes in Ireland
in the 1845-1849 causing the Great Potato
Famine
•
The Potato Famine killed 1/3 of the population
and led another 1/3 to leave the country (that’s
why so many American’s have Irish ancestorsME).
•
I was originally classified as a fungus, then
scientists found out that we started as totally
different organisms.
How many
cells is it made
of?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
My spores
have
flagella, but
once I land
on
something I
put out
rhizoids (like
roots) into
what I’m
growing on
and stay
there for the
rest of my
life.
Sometimes I
release tiny
spores with
a little
flagella
(whip-like
tail) that are
just like me,
and other
times I
release
spores that
need to
meet up
with a
partner to
make a new
baby.
Am I mobile
or nonmobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
Slime Mold
Kingdom: Protist
Life Story: General Information
My spores turn into tiny amoeba-like cells that can
move around, but then swarm together with others and
work together like one large organism. I can solve
problems like a colony of bees can. I then make more
spores.
How does it get
it’s food?
Type of cells:
Does it have
a cell wall?
How many cells
is it made of?
Can it move?
How do they
reproduce?
I digest the
stuff I live on
like dead
trees and
leaves. This
makes me a
decomposer.
Each of my
cells has a
nucleus
(where the
DNA is) and
lots of other
organelles
that do
special jobs
like break
down food,
make
protein, and
deliver
needed
chemicals
around the
cell.
The
outside of
my cell is
thin and
flexible
like plastic
wrap, but
it can let
stuff that I
need in
and out.
I am actually
a colony of
single cells.
We swarm
together then
join our cells
to make one
giant cell. We
move around
our cell
insides to
transport
nutrients or
respond to
our
environment.
During the
early part of my
life cycle each
cell can move
around like an
amoeba, but
once I swarm
into a large
slime mold I’m
stuck where I
am and just
decompose my
surroundings.
When
conditions are
bad I build tiny
towers full of
spores that
get released
into the
environment.
These grow
into tiny
amoeba like
cells which
then swarm to
make a new
slime mold.
Since I’m
made of many
cells the new
spores have a
mix of genes.
Am I a
producer or
consumer?
Do I have
simple cells
or complex
cells?
Do I have a
cell well or
no cell
wall?
Am I made of
one cell or
many cells?
Am I mobile or
non-mobile?
Does it take
one to
reproduce
or does it
take two?
I’m closely related to:
Other “fungus-like” protists like water molds.
Cool Facts
•
Some of my species when living in groups have
been able to solve mazes, predict outcomes,
and balance our diet by communicating with
other individuals using chemicals.
•
In my lifetime I am a spore, a mobile amoebalike organism, and a non-mobile fungus like
organism.
•
I live in damp, hidden areas like decaying tree
stumps but move into brighter areas to release
my spores.
•
A few of my family members can glow in the
dark.