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Year 10 Biology Terms and Definitions Genetics Terms Characteristic Nucleus Homozygous Chromosome DNA Gene Allele Heterozygous Genotype Phenotype Dominant Recessive Sex chromosome Variation Natural Selection Evolution Habitat Adaptation Structural Adaptation Functional Adaptation Behavioural Adaptation Definitions Features of organisms e.g eye colour, leaf shape Cell control centre containing chromosomes Both copies of alleles are the same e.g. BB or bb Thread -like structure in cell nucleus, made of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Section of a chromosome that codes for a characteristic An alternative/different form of a particular gene eg a recessive form or a dominant form. Two different alleles present e.g. Bb The genes an organism possesses How the genes are expressed, i.e. what an organism looks like An allele that shows up in the phenotype if it is present in the genotype An allele that only shows up in the phenotype if it is homozygous in the genotype X or Y chromosome Differences in a particular characteristic of an organism which make each organism unique Process by which organisms which have favourable characteristics survive in a particular habitat and reproduce Change in the characteristics of an organism over time The place where an organism lives Characteristics of an organism which enable it to survive in its particular habitat Adaptations which refer to the shape and size of the organism and how various parts of its body are put together Adaptations which refer to the workings of an organisms body Adaptations that are to do with how the organism behaves