* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cellular Structures Animal Cell Guess the organelle! Mitochondrion
Survey
Document related concepts
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Guess the organelle! Cellular Structures …a “division of labour” Animal Cell • Tiny & oval shaped… • Provides cell with needed energy in a process called “respiration” whereby sugar molecules are combined with oxygen to form carbon dioxide & water…as the products are formed, energy is released. • Termed the “power plant” of cell Mitochondrion 1 Guess the organelle! • Cell growth & reproduction require the constant synthesis of proteins… • Proteins are the molecules that make up cell structure… • Measure just 20 nm in length… • Which organelles are responsible for the synthesis of proteins? Guess the organelle! • Series of canals that carry materials throughout the cytoplasm… • The membranes can appear either rough or smooth… • rER is highly developed in cells of the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes • sER is free of ribosomes & is the area in which fats or lipids are synthesized Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Guess the organelle! • The “pancake-like” structures are actually membranous sacs piled up on top of each other… • Protein molecules from the rER are stored within this apparatus… • The packaged protein membranes move towards the cell membrane & fuse with the membrane to be released as vesicles (exocytosis) Division of Labor example... • • • • Proteins reach the end of the ER A sac forms around the proteins Now called a vesicle Vesicle breaks away from the ER and moves towards the nearest sac of the Golgi body • Vesicle fuses & empties protein molecules into the Golgi body Golgi Bodies Interaction of Organelles • nucleus • ER • ribosomes • Golgi 3 Division of Labor example... • Proteins pass from one sac to another in vesicles formed from the Golgi complex (“mail must be sorted when it comes into the post office”) • Many membranes present in cells are interchangeable…they can be recycled from one part of the cell to another (same basic structure) Plasma (Cell) Membrane Guess the organelle! • Formed by the Golgi bodies • Sac-like structures that contain digestive enzymes which break down large molecules & cell parts within the cytoplasm… • The swelling & pain associated with arthritis have been linked to the seepage of this organelle…cortisone is thought to strengthen this organelles membrane. L Y S O S O M E S 4 Guess the organelle! Flagellum and Cilia Structure • Tiny threadlike fibers that transport materials throughout the cytoplasm… • Made of protein • 2 types • One is smaller than the other… Flagellum and Cilia Special Structures of Plants! • The structures discussed to this point are found in BOTH plant & animal cells • Plant cells differ in that they can produce their own food using specialized organelles called PLASTIDS • The VACUOLE is a fluid-filled space that occupies much of the cytoplasm. It is a storage space for sugars, minerals, & proteins. 5 Special Structures of Plants! • Most plant cells are surrounded by a nonliving cell wall made of cellulose. • Protects & supports the plant cell. The Plant Cell Wall Large Vacuoles A loss of turgor pressure results in wilting plants Plastids • Chloroplasts specialize in photosynthesis; green pigment chlorophyll 6 Plastids in Fruits and Vegetables Guess the structure! • Tiny microtubular structure found near the nucleus of animal cells… • Duplicate prior to sell division • Play a role in cell division • Chromoplasts store the orange & yellow pigments found in numerous plants. Storage Plastids • Amyloplasts are storehouses for starch (potato tubers & seeds) • Colorless plastids Centrioles Special Animal Cell Structures 7