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Transcript
Chapter 7 The Cell Basic unit of life. Come from pre-existing cells. Organelles-Act like little organs of a cell Shape tells function 2 Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells Smaller No nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Bacteria Blue-Green Algae Archaea Binary Fission Prokaryotes Streptococcus pyogenes, Anabaena, and Methanogens Eukaryotic Cells Larger Nucleus Membrane-bound organelles All other life: (Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists) Eukaryotes Cougars, Eastern Red Cedar, Bread Mold, and Amoeba proteus Organelles Common to All Cells Plasma Membrane-Boundary between cell and environment. Homeostasis Semi-Permeable Phospholipids Bilayer Cytoplasm All material inside cells Holds organelles Mostly water Ribosomes Protein Synthesis Other Organelles Nucleus-Brain of cell/controls all cell activities. Cell division. Chromatin-DNA spread out in nucleus Nucleolus-Dark spot. Makes ribosomes. Plasmids Circular DNA Prokaryotes Mitochondria Cellular Respiration (plants and animals) “Powerhouse” of cell Uses oxygen to turn food (glucose) into energy Has DNA Chloroplast Photosynthesis Contains chlorophyll Has DNA Only Plant Cells Vacuole Storage Giant water bubble Plant cells Contractile Vacuole Contractile Vacuole Water balance ( some animal cells ex. – Paramecium) Eyespot Sensitive to light (Euglena) Movement Flagella Cilia Pseudopods Extension of cytoplasm (Amoeba) Cell Wall Thick, rigid border around cell membrane. Plant Cells, fungi and Prokaryotes only Maintains shape/structure Plants-Cellulose Fungi-Chitin Adaptive Behavior Chemotaxis-Attraction to chemicals Phototaxis-Attraction to light