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Active Lecture Questions Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Which substance in the following reaction is being reduced? a. acetaldehyde b. NADH c. ethanol d. NAD+ Which of the following reactions produces the most molecules of ATP during aerobic metabolism? a. b. c. d. e. glucose → glucose 6-phosphate phosphoenolpyruvic acid → pyruvic acid glucose → pyruvic acid acetyl CoA → CO2 + H2O succinic acid → fumaric acid Which of the following processes does NOT generate ATP? a. b. c. d. e. photophosphorylation the Calvin-Benson cycle oxidative phosphorylation substrate-level phosphorylation All of the above generate ATP. Which of the following compounds has the greatest amount of energy for a cell? a. b. c. d. e. CO2 O2 ATP glucose lactic acid Which of the following is the best definition of the Krebs cycle? a. the oxidation of pyruvic acid b. the way cells produce CO2 c. a series of chemical reactions in which NADH is produced from the oxidation of pyruvic acid d. a method of producing ATP by phosphorylating ADP e. a series of chemical reactions in which ATP is produced from the oxidation of pyruvic acid Which of the following is the best definition of respiration? a. a sequence of carrier molecules with O2 as the final electron acceptor b. a sequence of carrier molecules with an inorganic molecule as the final electron acceptor c. a method of generating ATP d. the complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O e. a series of reactions in which pyruvic acid is oxidized to CO2 and H2O Which culture produces the most lactic acid? a. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C with O2 for 5 days b. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C without O2 for 5 days c. both a and b d. neither a nor b Which culture produces the most ATP? a. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C with O2 for 5 days b. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C without O2 for 5 days c. both a and b d. neither a nor b Which culture uses NAD+? a. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C with O2 for 5 days b. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C without O2 for 5 days c. both a and b d. neither a nor b Which culture uses the most glucose? a. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C with O2 for 5 days b. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35°C without O2 for 5 days c. both a and b d. neither a nor b The enzyme-regulated energy-requiring reactions are involved mostly in a. b. c. d. catabolism. anabolism. photosynthesis. oxidation. What is the essential nutrient used by many bacteria in the synthesis of the coenzyme folic acid? a. b. c. d. NADP FAD PABA COA Apoenzymes are inactive by themselves and must be activated by a. b. c. d. cofactors. ATP. holoenzymes. substrates. How many molecules of ATP can be generated from the three phases in the respiration of glucose? a. b. c. d. 2 4 34 38 Energy is released during a cell’s a. b. c. d. reduction of glucose. decarboxylation of glucose. oxidation of glucose. phosphorylation of glucose. In which of the following is chemical energy used for carbon fixation? a. b. c. d. photosynthesis Krebs cycle fermentation glycolysis The energy from catabolic reactions is used to produce a. b. c. d. ADP. ATP. AMP. phosphate. The pentose phosphate pathway provides a means to break down glucose and a. b. c. d. five carbon sugars. six carbon sugars. lipids. galactose. In aerobic respiration, what is the fate of the pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis? a. b. c. d. It is catabolized in glycolysis. It is reduced to lactic acid. It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle. It is oxidized in the electron transport chain. Where does photosynthesis take place in eukaryotic cells? a. b. c. d. mitochondria ribsomes chloroplasts lysosomes In the Calvin-Benson cycle, a. b. c. d. oxygen is used to synthesize sugars. carbon dioxide is used to synthesize sugars. ADP is formed. light is required. In cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons a. b. c. d. return to chlorophyll. are incorporated in NADPH. are converted to ATP. are converted to glucose. Fatty acids are catabolized in a. b. c. d. glycolysis. the electron transport chain. the Krebs cycle. the pentose phosphate pathway. The light-independent (dark) reactions of photosynthesis include: a. b. c. d. fermentation beta oxidation Calvin-Benson cycle carbon fixation In lipid catabolism, glycerol is converted into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and catabolized via a. b. c. d. beta oxidation. the pentose phosphate pathway. lactic acid fermentation. glycolysis.