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Living Things are Mostly Made of ___? SB1c. Identify the function of the four major macromolecules. S P O N C • SULFUR • PHOSPHORUS • OXYGEN • NITROGEN • CARBON • HYDROGEN H Atoms Why is carbon the central atom of living things? AMINO ACIDS Protein SUGAR carbohydrate aka. Saccharides FATTY ACIDS GLYCEROL Lipids aka. Fats NUCLEOTIDES Nucleic Acid DNA/RNA Which polymers correspond to the four monomers above? LIPIDS PROTEINS AMINO ACIDS CARBOHYDRATES MACROMOLECULES Which macromolecules were in your last meal? Did you eat a healthy meal according to the pyramid? PHOSPHOLIPIDS CAN BE GOOD FOR CELLS AND (HDL) NEURONS AND HORMONES TRIGLYCERIDES OR BAD BODY FAT AND (LDL) CHOLESTEROL IN ARTERIES LIPIDS Can a living organisms be entirely fat free? TRANSPORTERS CAN CARRY OXYGEN IN RED BLOOD CELLS ENZYMES DETONATE THE REACTION IN CHEMICAL PROCESSES. PROTEINS What are the two main jobs of proteins? DNA HEREDITY AND DIRECTIONS FOR CELLS NUCLEIC ACIDS How is DNA related to RNA? RNA CARRIES DIRECTIONS FROM DNA TO CELL ORGANELLES SUGARS Fast acting but they don’t last long and you “crash” when the sugar level in your blood drops STARCHES Longer lasting, slower release sugars that keep your blood sugar levels more constant so you don’t get the “crash”. CARBOHYDRATES Which carbs should we choose and why?