Download Lesson 3.1 Matter and the Environment

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Date
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Lesson 3.1 Matter and the Environment
Vocabulary Review. Define each vocabulary term in your own words.
A) Matter B) Atom C) Element D) Nucleus E) Molecule F) Compound G) Hydrocarbon –
H) Solution
I) Macromolecule –
J) Protein –
K) Nucleic Acid –
L) Carbohydrate –
M) Lipid –
N) pH Building Blocks of Chemistry. Match each term with the statement that best describes it.
_____ 1.
Celement
a. the negatively charged part of an atom
_____ 2.
Aelectron
b. water, for example
_____ 3.
Bcompound
c. its properties cannot be broken down any further
4. Write a sentence that shows the relationship between matter and atoms.
Atoms are the basic unit of matter
5. Give two examples of substances that contain hydrocarbons.
Petroleum, wood smoke
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Macromolecules. For the following questions, write the letter of the correct answer on the line provided.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
The characteristic that best defines a macromolecule is its
a.
size.
b.
function.
All of the following macromolecules are polymers EXCEPT
a.
lipids.
b.
proteins.
All of the following are part of a carbohydrate EXCEPT
a.
carbon.
b.
oxygen.
c.
d.
life cycle.
chemical makeup.
c.
d.
nucleic acids.
carbohydrates.
c.
d.
hydrogen.
phosphorus.
9. Explain how macromolecules are involved in passing traits from parents to offspring.
DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids, which store and carry genetic information that is passed
from one generation to the next
Water. For the following questions, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, replace
the underlined word to make the statement true. Write your changes on the line.
_______________ 10.
Water molecules adhere to each other through covalent bonds. F, hydrogen
_______________ 11.
Its cohesion allows water to transport nutrients and wastes in plants and animals. T
_______________ 12.
A solution with a pH less than 7 is basic. F, acidic
13. How does water resist changes in temperature?
Water is able to absorb a lot of energy without a change in temperature because the heat only
weakens the hydrogen bonds, it doesn’t break them or allow an increase in molecular motion
14. Why is water called “the universal solvent”?
Water is polar and it can dissolve almost any other molecule
Organize Information. Fill in the compare/contrast table below with information about the different types of
macromolecules.
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Monomer
Amino acids
Simple
None
sugars/monosaccharides
Examples
Muscle tissue,
DNA, RNA
hormones, enzymes
Glucose, sucrose,
cellulose
Waxes, oils,
hormones
Function
Speed up reactions Store/transmit
genetic info
Energy
Energy, hormones
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