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Transcript
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Assignment: Read Pages 2-11 Questions #1,2,3,6,8,10,11,12,13 (9pts) Discovery of the microscope Timeline: 1000 AD – polished stones for reading 1665 – Robert Hooke invented light microscope 1931 – Ernest Ruska developed the electron microscope 1981 – Scanning microscope invented (computer based) Cell Basics - Smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms Organism is any living things Unicellular- one cell Multicellular – many cells Why are most cells small? Limited by outer surface area. As a cell grows it needs more food and produces more waste. As it grows its volume increases faster than its surface area. Small cells have greater surface area to volume ratio. (pg 7 of book for explanation) The Cell Theory - The three basic characteristics of all organisms 1. All organisms are made of one or more cells. (Schleiden) 2. The cell is the basic unit of life (Schwann) 3. All cells come from existing cells (Virchow) Things found in all Cells 1.) Cell Membrane - Protective covering determines what goes in and out - Lets in water (H2O) and Oxygen (O2) 2.) Cytoplasm - Region enclosed by the cell membrane includes fluid and all organelles 3.) Organelles - Small bodies that perform specific functions for the cell 4.) DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) - Instructions for all cell processes - Found in the nucleus (in eukaryotic cells) Types of Cells 1.) - Prokaryotic Single celled organism with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. DNA in cytoplasm (no nucleus) Contain ribosomes that make proteins (no membranes) Ex: bacteria and archea 2.) - Eukaryotes Organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus Contain membrane bound organelles and ribosomes Ex: Animals, Plants, Protists, Fungi Assignment Lesson Review pg 13 (pts 9)