Download The immune system of the body produces specific antibodies to kill a

SOLUTIONS
Diagnosis Test – AQA CORE SCIENCE Biology - Infectious Diseases (15 marks)
1.
a. What is a 'pathogen'? (circle the correct answer)
A.
B.
C.
D.
A disease-causing microorganism
A type of disease that infects microorganisms.
A disease that spreads to communities around the world.
A type of medicine that treats the symptoms of a disease.
(1 mark)
b. Complete the sentences with the words in the box below; the words may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
inactivated
antibiotic
antigen
antibody
antibodies
immunity
The immune system of the body produces specific antibodies to kill a particular pathogen. This
leads to immunity from that pathogen. In some cases, dead or inactivated pathogens stimulate
antibody production.
(3 marks)
2. Explain how white blood cells protect humans from infectious diseases.

They can ingest/engulf pathogens and digest them.

They can produce antibodies that destroy or inactivate the pathogen.

They can produce antitoxins to neutralize the toxins released by the pathogen.
(3 marks)
3. Why do bacteria and viruses make us feel ill when they enter the body?

Bacteria produce toxins/poisons that and these make us feel ill.

Viruses live inside cells and they damage the cells when they reproduce/ they also produce toxins
that make us ill.
(2 marks)
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SOLUTIONS
4. QWC: Polio and TB are two diseases that have almost been totally eradicated from the world due to
vaccination programmes.
Explain how vaccination makes a person immune to a disease and reduces the change of epidemics or
pandemics.
QWC Suggested marking guidance (Total 6 marks)
Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) as well as the
standard of the scientific response. Teachers should and apply a ‘best-fit’ approach to the marking.
0 marks
No relevant
content.
Level 1 (1-2 marks)
Mention what vaccines are
or how white blood cells
work or what antibodies
are.
The spelling, punctuation
and grammar are very
weak.
Level 2 (3-4 marks)
Level 3 (5-6 marks)
Describe briefly how vaccines work and
Explain how vaccines work and
how white blood cells work and what
how white blood cells work and
antibodies are.
what antibodies are and how they
There is reasonable accuracy in
work.
spelling, punctuation and grammar,
The answer shows almost faultless
although there may still be some
spelling, punctuation and
errors.
grammar.

A dead/ weakened /inactive form of pathogen/microorganism is introduced/injected into the body.

This stimulates the white blood cells/lymphocytes.

They produce antibodies.

The antibodies made quickly when a person is re-infected (idea of memory cells).

The vaccination programme means less people will become infected by a pathogen.

This means that they cannot pass it to other people so less are infected and there is less chance of the
disease spreading.
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